Effects of genotype and environment on seed yield and quality of rice

Abstract

SU MMARYSeed yield and seed quality determine much of the value of rice (Oryza sativa L.) crops to the producers. The effects of genotype and environment on seed yield and quality were investigated using 12 rice genotypes grown during 3 years (2000)(2001)(2002)(2003) at four different sowing dates in India, where detailed environmental data were collected. Yield, seed weight, proportion of seed setting and quality in terms of potential seed longevity, proportion of discoloured seeds, seed leachate conductivity and percentage germination were evaluated. The results were subjected to analysis of variance and the influence of environmental factors was evaluated by correlation analysis. Analysis of variance suggested that proportion of seed setting, seed leachate conductivity, potential seed longevity, percentage seed germination and proportion of seed discoloration were influenced more by environmental effects than by genotypic effects. In contrast, yield, panicle number, seed weight, and proportion of highdensity grains were influenced more by genotypic than by environmental effects. The significant interaction effects of genotype and environment for all characteristics were attributed to differential resistance of genotypes to lodging (caused by increased plant height, low radiation and excessive rain at the time of grain filling) and were associated with fewer panicles harvested, lower seed setting and lower seed weight. Correlation analysis suggested that warm weather conditions with high solar radiation and without excessive rains during grain filling stage gave the best rice seed yield with high quality.

Evaluation of Field Level Adaptation Measures Under the Climate Change Scenarios in Rice Based Cropping System in India

“…7 Change in rice equivalent yield of rice-peanut cropping systems with medium duration cultivar (MP) for future years (2020, 2050 and 2080) under A2 and B2 climate change scenarios for different planting time as compared to base period with normal planting (15 Jul./9Feb) at different locations (Kharagpur, Cuttack, East Godavari and Vizianagaram) in India on rice yield. Similar results about sensitivity of spikelet sterility to flowering were reported by many researchers (Yoshida 1981;Krishnan and Surya Rao 2005;Jagadish et al 2008). Similarly for peanut, high temperature during flowering can be avoided by advancing the sowing time.…”

Phenotypic Characteristics and Fatty Acid Composition of Seeds from Different Herbaceous Peony Species Native to China

“…Previous studies showed that the seed weight of rice was influenced more by genotypic than by environmental factors. [19] The moisture content (MC) in P14 was the highest with a value of 13.92 %, and conversely, the lowest MC of 7.01 % was in P2. A wide range in seed volume (SV) was from 202.13 mm 3 to 498.46 mm 3 , and the P14 seeds were significantly bigger than others.…”

The genetics of the traits determining adaptability to abiotic stress in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

“…Генетика признака практически не исследована (Агарков, Касьянов, 2002; Рябушкина, 2005; Дымова, Головко, 2007; Шахба-зов, 2007; Гончарова, 2013). Однако известно, что наряду с уровнем температуры важное значение имеет продол-жительность ее воздействия на растения и относительная влажность воздуха (Krishnan et al, 2005;Mackill et al, 1982). Жароустойчивость различных видов обусловлена различными механизмами (интенсивной транспирацией, отражательными свойствами поверхности, способностью усиливать биосинтез белков «теплового шока», актив-ностью транскрипционно-трансляционной системы и т.…”