Effects of gene polymorphisms of metabolic enzymes on the association between red and processed meat consumption and the development of colon cancer; a literature review

Abstract

The role of environmental factors and genetic susceptibility in the development of colon cancer (CC) has been already proven, but the role of gene polymorphisms in modifying the risk of environmental factors such as nutritional factors is still unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effect of polymorphisms of involved genes in the association between red meat consumption and the development of CC. The present review was carried out using keywords such as polymorphism and/or protein and/or red meat and/or processed meat and/or colon cancer. PubMed and Science Direct databases were used to collect all related articles published from 2001 to 2017. The presence of SNP in the coding genes of proteins involved in metabolism of nutrients could play significant roles in the extent of the effects of nutrition in the development of CC. The effect of dietary proteins greatly depends on the polymorphisms in the metabolising genes of these substances. Gene polymorphisms may have a role in colorectal cancer risk, especially in people with high meat intake, and this leads to a difference in the effects of meat consumption in different individuals. To conclude, dietary recommendations for the prevention and control of CC should be modified based on the genotype of different individuals. Increasing our knowledge on this field of nutritional genomics can lead to personalised preventive and therapeutic recommendations for CC patients.

The Role of medicinal herbs in treatment of insulin resistance in patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A literature review

“…Phytosterols in the Aloe vera can alter the steroidogenic response and express estrogen receptor protein, reduce androgens, increase estrogens, and ultimately improve the conditions of the PCOS. Aloe vera phytosterols such as sitosterol reduce serum cholesterol levels and normalized (3β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase) 3βHSD activity in PCOS rats [15,17,18].…”

“…Aloe vera is a medicinal plant with hypoglycemic effects [13,15,16]. Aloe vera is rich in fiber which accelerates gastrointestinal transit, absorption, and modulation of hemostasis [15][16][17] Aloe vera contains many compounds with different potential biological activities. Phytosterols in the Aloe vera can alter the steroidogenic response and express estrogen receptor protein, reduce androgens, increase estrogens, and ultimately improve the conditions of the PCOS.…”

Association of FTO rs9939609 polymorphism with serum leptin, insulin, adiponectin, and lipid profile in overweight adults

“…Obesity has been dramatically increased over the last two decades in both low and high-income countries [1]. Obesity is a risk factor for the other diseases such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and psychological disorders [2][3][4]. The prevalence of obesity was also recently increased in Iran and more than 50% of the Iranian population is obese or overweight.…”

“…The prevalence of obesity was also recently increased in Iran and more than 50% of the Iranian population is obese or overweight. Some genes such as the fat mass and obesityassociated (FTO) gene are strongly associated with obesity and overweight [4].…”

Nutrition, Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics

“…Another area of genetics that is associated with cancer is gene polymorphism and its susceptibility to colon cancer in the context of environmental factors such as nutrition [68]. In particular, the association between red meat consumption and the development of colon cancer, and the presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the coding genes of the proteins involved in the metabolism of nutrients have been investigated [68]. It has been demonstrated that gene polymorphisms might have a role to play in colorectal cancer risk in individuals consuming large quantities of red meat.…”