Effects of Ganoderma lucidum (Higher Basidiomycetes) Extracts on the miRNA Profile and Telomerase Activity of the MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cell Line

Abstract

Ganoderma lucidum is a medicinal higher Basidiomycetes mushroom that exerts anticancer effects through several different mechanisms. This study investigated the effects of G. lucidum on the telomerase activity and microRNA (miRNA) profiles of MCF-7 cells. According to the cytotoxicity results, the G. lucidum ether extract exhibits the highest cytotoxic potency; therefore it was chosen for the subsequent telomerase activity assay and miRNA profiling. The telomerase activity observed in the cells treated with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration of G. lucidum ether extract (100 µg/mL in dimethyl sulfoxide) was 32.2% lower than that of the control cells treated with 1% dimethyl sulfoxide. Among 1066 miRNAs, the most downregulated miRNA was hsa-miR-27a* (4.469-fold), and the most upregulated miRNA was hsa-miR-1285 (10.462-fold). A database search revealed the predicted miRNAs that target the catalytic subunit of the telomerase enzyme telomerase reverse transcriptase, and only miR-3687 (upregulated 2.153-fold) and miR-1207-5p (upregulated 2.895-fold) were changed by at least 2-fold. The miRNA profile changes demonstrated in this study provide a data set regarding their effects on the pathways that regulate telomerase activity in MCF-7 breast cancer cells treated with G. lucidum. These data should aid the development of novel cancer treatment strategies.

Identification of Key Differentially Expressed MicroRNAs in Cancer Patients Through Pan-cancer Analysis

“…Most of these miRNAs have been previously reported in at least one publication associated with cancer, some of which are well-studied tumor suppressors, including has-mir-133b, and hsamir-139, or contribute to cell invasion, such as hsa-mir-301b [28,29] hsa-mir-1247 was newly found to be a prognostic marker in pancreatic cancer as a suppressor [28], and hsa-mir-1258 targets heparanase (HPSE) to suppress breast and non-small cell lung cancer [30,31]. hsa-mir-1269a, hsa-mir-3687, and hsa-mir-3648 were also newly identified to be involved in cancer development [32][33][34], but their molecular mechanisms in cancers need to be researched further.…”

Differential miRNA Expression in Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oesophagus: miR-3687 Targets PGRMC2

“…A literature search on miR-3687 retrieved only a few articles related to malignant neoplasia. One study has referred to invasive ability and poor prognosis of oesophageal cancer, another to increasing local recurrence of conjunctival melanoma and a third to telomerase activity of a breast cancer cell line (30,33,34). The present study was the first to investigate both miR-3687 as a differentially expressed miRNA in BSCCE and its putative target genes in oesophageal carcinoma.…”

MicroRNA signature in the chemoprevention of functionally-enriched stem and progenitor pools (FESPP) by Active Hexose Correlated Compound (AHCC)

“…By microRNA profiling, we have shown that several miRNAs, some of which are associated with different clinical-pathological characteristics of breast cancer, such as stemness, invasion and chemoresistance, could be differentially expressed after AHCC administration. For example, miRNAs miR-92a, miR-181a, miR-183 Ã , miR-335, miR-497, miR-500a, miR-720, and miR-1285 [53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60] (Fig. 5).…”