Effects of Fulvic Acid on TNT Adsorption in Soil

Hao, Quan-Long; Huang, Qiao; Cong-zhi, Zhou; Peng, Wei; Zhang, Kai

doi:10.1080/15320383.2015.1029043

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…TNT exhibits weak sorption to soils and sediments (K d on the order of 10 1 ; Table 4), although degradation and subsequent sorption of the metabolites can represent a major removal pathway for dissolved TNT (Elovitz and Weber, 1999). Adsorption-desorption curves for TNT and its degradation products generally show hysteresis (Hatzinger et al, 2004;Falone et al, 2006;Singh et al, 2010;Hao et al, 2018), indicating that sorption is not fully reversible.…”

Section: Tntmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evidence for the dominant solid phase controlling MC sorption is ambiguous, with some studies indicating that a combination of clays and organic matter enhance sorption (e.g., Dontsova et al, 2009). TNT shows particular affinity for organic matter, especially humic-and fulvic-like substances (Li et al, 1997;Achtnich et al, 1999;Falone et al, 2006;Sharma et al, 2013;Hao et al, 2018). Adsorbed organic matter appears to have little influence on MC sorption (Weissmahr et al, 1999).…”

Section: Tntmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spread, Behavior, and Ecosystem Consequences of Conventional Munitions Compounds in Coastal Marine Waters

et al. 2018

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Coastal marine environments are contaminated globally with a vast quantity of unexploded ordnance and munitions from intentional disposal. These munitions contain organic explosive compounds as well as a variety of metals, and represent point sources of chemical pollution to marine waters. Most underwater munitions originate from World Wars at the beginning of the twentieth century, and metal munitions housings have been impacted by extensive corrosion over the course of the following decades. As a result, the risk of munitions-related contaminant release to the water column is increasing. The behavior of munitions compounds is well-characterized in terrestrial systems and groundwater, but is only poorly understood in marine systems. Organic explosive compounds, primarily nitroaromatics and nitramines, can be degraded or transformed by a variety of biotic and abiotic mechanisms. These reaction products exhibit a range in biogeochemical characteristics such as sorption by particles and sediments, and variable environmental behavior as a result. The reaction products often exhibit increased toxicity to biological receptors and geochemical controls like sorption can limit this exposure. Environmental samples typically show low concentrations of munitions compounds in water and sediments (on the order of ng/L and µg/kg, respectively), and ecological risk appears generally low. Nonetheless, recent work demonstrates the possibility of sub-lethal genetic and metabolic effects. This review evaluates the state of knowledge on the occurrence, fate, and effect of munition-related chemical contaminants in the marine environment. There remain a number of knowledge gaps that limit our understanding of munitions-related contaminant spread and effect, and the need for additional work is made all the more urgent by increasing risk of release to the environment.

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Section: Tntmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tntmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spread, Behavior, and Ecosystem Consequences of Conventional Munitions Compounds in Coastal Marine Waters

et al. 2018

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“…The following factors contributed to the differences in adsorption between TNT and aniline: (1) The large specific surface area, specific surface energy, and pore size distribution (Table S5) of loess colloid particles enable the adsorption of both aniline and TNT through van der Waals forces, occurring on the surface and interior of the particles [54][55][56]. (2) The surface of loess colloid particles contains abundant functional groups, such as -OH and -COOH, which can act as hydrogen bonding donors, forming hydrogen bonds with nitrogenous functional groups in aniline and TNT [57][58][59]. Some previous studies on aniline and TNT have also conveyed similar hydrogen bonding interactions [60,61].…”

Section: The Proposed Adsorption Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-Transport of Aniline and TNT with Loess Colloid Particles in Saturated Loess Columns: Mechanism and Processes

Meng,

Hu,

Sun

et al. 2024

Water

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The transport of mobile colloidal particles with organic pollutants in porous media has attracted considerable attention. Aniline and 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), as aromatic compounds and key components of energetic materials, are continuously released into the environment. This study compared the co-transport of loess colloidal particles with aniline and TNT, aiming to investigate the influence of structural and physicochemical properties of the pollutants. The colloids were prepared and characterized, and static adsorption and dynamic column experiments were conducted. The results indicate that the adsorption processes of aniline and TNT both conformed to the quasi-second-order kinetic and the intra-particle diffusion models, with aniline exhibiting higher rate constants than TNT. The main adsorption mechanism involved van der Waals force, hydrogen bonding, and electrostatic interaction. Response surface experiments indicated that the adsorption capacity increased with higher initial concentration of organic compound but decreased with larger particle size and higher Na+ concentration. In column experiments, the adsorption of loess colloid particles on aniline and TNT was strongly correlated with the concentration of loess colloid particles. Loess colloid particles could be used as carriers to enhance the co-transport, with aniline exhibiting a faster transport rate due to the differences in polarity and molecular structure compared to TNT. In summary, loess colloidal particles enhanced the transport behavior of aniline and TNT in saturated loess columns. The differences in polarity and molecular structure of aniline and TNT further affect their co-transport mechanism in loess.

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Batch and column tests study on coexistence of TNT and aniline enhancing their Transports in Chinese loess

Zhou

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Batch adsorption and column tests were conducted to explore characteristics of transports of TNT and aniline and their interactions in saturated Chinese loess sampled from Xi’an, China. Batch tests show that the performances of TNT and aniline adsorptions on Chinese loess are not same when they exist alone. When they coexist, their adsorptions inhibit each other and their inhibitions potentials were different. TNT inhibition on aniline adsorption is in linear and increases with TNT concentration increasing, while aniline inhibition on TNT adsorption also depends on its concentration but in two stages, where the inhibition is few when aniline concentration is lower than 5 mg/L, and then also gets linear increasing with aniline concentration increasing over 5 mg/L. Even though, the inhibition of aniline on TNT adsorption is generally greater than that of TNT on aniline adsorption. Column tests show that, compared with the transport behavior when they exist alone, theier coexistence can promote each other to transport in the saturated loess, importantly, aniline promotes more obviously TNT transport than TNT promotes aniline transport. Kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamics studies indicat that, TNT adsorption is primarily through the surface adsorption while aniline adsorption is mainly via electrostatic adsorption and inner pore diffusion adsorption as well as surface adsorption. There is a certain competitive relationship in their adsorptions on Chinese loess because they have same adsorption sites, meanwhile, they have different adsorption sites, especially, electrostatic force is greater than surface force, when they coexist. So, these inhibitions on adsorption are conducive to the existences of TNT and aniline in the water solution rather than being fixed on Chinese loess, thus enhancing their transports in the saturated loess and aniline has a great effect on TNT migration, while TNT has a small effect on aniline transport, indicating their coexistence can increase the risk of deep soil and even groundwater pollution.

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Effects of Fulvic Acid on TNT Adsorption in Soil

Cited by 4 publications

References 28 publications

Spread, Behavior, and Ecosystem Consequences of Conventional Munitions Compounds in Coastal Marine Waters

Spread, Behavior, and Ecosystem Consequences of Conventional Munitions Compounds in Coastal Marine Waters

Co-Transport of Aniline and TNT with Loess Colloid Particles in Saturated Loess Columns: Mechanism and Processes

Batch and column tests study on coexistence of TNT and aniline enhancing their Transports in Chinese loess

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