Effects of full-fat soybean diet on performance, carcass characteristics,and fatty acid composition of Hanwoo steers

Abstract

Introduction Consumer preferences for meat products have recently focused on health-related functionality rather than marbling score in terms of meat quality (1). Due to its beneficial effects in lowering the risk of metabolic disorders including diabetes, arteriosclerosis, and cancer, conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been the subject of beef product research (2). CLA is found predominantly in the milk and meat of ruminants and originates from the process of microbial hydrogenation of either C 18:2 (linoleic acid) or C 18:3 (linolenic acid) into C 18:0 (stearic acid) (3). The total amount of CLA in animal products varies greatly depending on what animals eat; supplementation of ruminant rations with vegetable oils rich in linoleic and linolenic acids increases the CLA content in their meat (4). Soybean, the most widely used feed ingredient, is rich in protein and fat and provides the essential amino acids and fatty acids, especially unsaturated fatty acids (5). Enhanced ruminal CLA content was observed through supplementation with either linseed or fish oil (6). Feeding cattle with high-oil corn (7) or soybean oil (8) had no effect on CLA production. Administration of extruded full-fat soybean increased CLA content in the fat tissues of steers (9). Therefore, we hypothesized that full-fat soybean, which is rich in unsaturated fatty acids and highquality amino acids, would increase the CLA content in Hanwoo beef. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a full-fat soybean diet on performance, carcass characteristics, and CLA content of loin muscle in Hanwoo steers. 2. Materials and methods 2.1. Animals, diets, and management The experiment was conducted at an experimental cattle farm in Gyeongbuk, Korea. Experimental animals were handled according to the guidelines of the National Institute of Animal Science, Korea. Thirty Hanwoo steers (BW: 653 ± 52.96 kg, age: 23.7 ± 0.2 months) were stratified by BW and age and randomly assigned to control or full-fat soybean diet groups. Steers were fed using Calan gates for individual intake measurement; diets consisted of a basal corn-based finishing diet (control) or control diet plus 5% full-fat soybean, which was replaced with 3% soybean meal and 2% coconut meal. Steers were kept

Carcass and Meat Characteristics and Gene Expression in Intramuscular Adipose Tissue of Korean Native Cattle Fed Finishing Diets Supplemented with 5% Palm Oil

“…In previous studies ( Choi et al , 2013 ; Choi et al , 2016 ), Angus crossbred steers were fed 3% palm oil for 10 wk, rather than 10 mo, and the Angus crossbred steers weighed approximately 570 kg at slaughter, rather than 750 kg for the Hanwoo steers. Adipose tissue MUFA are higher in Hanwoo steers than in U.S. domestic cattle ( Smith et al , 2009 ), and adipose tissue MUFA increase with time on a finishing diet in beef cattle ( Chung et al , 2006 ; Kim et al , 2016 ). For these reasons, i.m.…”

Differential Gene Expression in Longissimus Dorsi Muscle of Hanwoo Steers—New Insight in Genes Involved in Marbling Development at Younger Ages

“…Marbling score (MS) is used as a reference for the national standard in Korea to rank the IMF content in meat, therefore, there is a price incentive to increase the marbling in the meat of Hanwoo cattle. Nutritional strategies used to increase marbling scores can be summarized by the use of grain-based diets [ 10 ] and increasing the feeding period up to 32 months [ 11 ]. Genetic selection for marbling can be based on progeny test results, but in the last decade, it has become possible to find genetic markers based on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to predict breeding values and select cattle at an earlier age considering genomic information [ 12 ].…”

Finding the marble – The polygenic architecture of intramuscular fat

“…IMF and marbling can be influenced by age (Panjono et al 2009), feeding time (Carrillo et al 2016), finishing diet (Carrillo et al 2016;Kim et al 2016), gender (Panjono et al 2009), breed (Wang et al 2009a;Sadkowski et al 2014), and it is depot-specific (Lee et al 2014a). The implementation of specific finishing diets is a common practice to improve the quality of the meat, however, the combination of diets with selection of cattle predisposed to increased IMF are a powerful tool for the beef industry.…”