Effects of Fractionated Irradiation on the Cytoskeleton and Basal Lamina in Parotid Glands: An Immunohistochemical Study

Salivary hypofunction: An update on aetiology, diagnosis and therapeutics

“…The acute effects begin 24 h after the start of therapy and stabilize in 72 h. The late effects are a consequence of fibrosis and acinar atrophy, 145 which occur because of mesenchymal alterations, including changes in the extracellular matrix, especially laminin and collagen IV. 146 Hakim et al 147 evaluated, in the parotids of rabbits, functional changes and Ki67, smooth muscle actin (SMA) and tenascin-C immunodetection after irradiation with 15 Gy. There was a significant change in the absorption of 99m Tcpertechnetate, decreased Ki67detection and marked redistributions of SMA and tenascin-C.…”

Effect of Low-Level Laser Therapy on Radiotherapy-Induced Hyposalivation and Xerostomia: A Pilot Study

“…Salivary gland alterations start with the damage to the cell membrane, with loss of response to the autonomic controls, and progression to edema, degeneration, and acinar cell apoptosis. Acute effects start 24 h after therapy starts, and stabilize within 72 h. Late effects are the consequence of fibrosis and acinar atrophy, 11,12 which occur as a result of mesenchymal alterations, including changes in the extra cellular matrix, specifically in the lamilin and in collagen IV. 13,14 Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is a simple low-cost tool that can be used as an adjuvant to conventional treatments, or alone and electively in some diseases.…”

Distribution of Cytokeratin 17 in the Parenchymal Elements of Rat’s Submandibular Glands Subjected to Fractionated Radiotherapy

“…Expression of cytokeratin has been closely linked to differentiation state of epithelial cells. 35 Our results revealed two different staining patterns of cytokeratin in the acinar cells of control group, one diffuse and other concentrated at the basal cell part with negative staining at the luminal part. The variability of cytokeratin distribution thought to be related to the functional activity of the acinar cells in which the diffuse pattern referred to the resting state of the gland while the negative expression of cytokeratin at the luminal part related to the secretory state with active ionic exchange which agree with many authors.…”

“…The luminal arrangement of cytokeratin might interfere with the functions of the parenchymal cells leading to hypo-salivation, these results were in agreement with many investigators. 29,35,36 The distribution patterns of cytokeratin at the luminal cell part of the duct cells might interfere with the saliva modification of the duct cells. Also, the diffuse pattern of cytokeratin expression indicates damaging effects all over the cells.…”