Effects of food availability on microsporidiosis and alkaloid production in the two-spotted lady beetle, Adalia bipunctata L.

Steele, T.; Singer, Robert D.; Bjørnson, S.

doi:10.1016/j.jip.2020.107443

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The parasitic wasp Nasonia vitripennis is one of the most widely studied model parasitoids (Rivers et al ., 2011). C. carnea and A. bipunctata are used as natural predators for crop protection in IPM systems (Zarei et al., 2020; Steele et al ., 2020). The biosafety of pesticides for these beneficial insects is crucial to the success of an IPM program.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and biosafety assessment of neuropeptide CAPA analogues against the peach‐potato aphid (Myzus persicae)

et al. 2021

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Insect CAPA neuropeptidesare considered to affect water and ion balance by mediating the physiological metabolism activities of the Malpighian tubules. In previous studies, the CAPA‐PK analogue 1895 (2Abf‐Suc‐FGPRLamide) was reported to decrease aphid fitness when administered through microinjection or via topical application. However, a further statistically significant decrease in the fitness of aphids and an increased mortality could not be established with pairwise combinations of 1895 with other CAPA analogue. In this study, we assessed the topical application of new combinations of 1895 with five CAPA‐PVK analogues on the fitness of aphids. We found that 1895 and CAPA‐PVK analogue 2315 (ASG‐[β3L]‐VAFPRVamide) was statistically the most effective combination to control the peach potato aphid Myzus persicae nymphs via topical application, leading to 72% mortality. Additionally, the combination (1895+2315) was evaluated against a selection of beneficial insects, that is, a pollinator (Bombus terrestris) and three natural enemies (Chrysoperla carnea, Nasonia vitripennis, and Adalia bipunctata). We found no significant influence on food intake, weight increase, and survival for the pollinator and the three representative natural enemies. These results could facilitate to further establish and generate CAPA analogues as alternatives to broad spectrum and less friendly insecticides.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and biosafety assessment of neuropeptide CAPA analogues against the peach‐potato aphid (Myzus persicae)

et al. 2021

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“…axyridis haemolymph, but our findings are in line with previous observations. Steel et al [64] observed positive correlation between microsporidia load and alkaloid content in Adalia bipunctata ladybirds. Vilcinskas et al [65] proposed that both antimicrobial peptides and the alkaloid harmonine (which are responsible for bacterial control in Ha.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Steel et al . [64] observed positive correlation between microsporidia load and alkaloid content in Adalia bipunctata ladybirds. Vilcinskas et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal ectoparasites increase winter mortality of ladybird hosts despite limited effects on their immune system

et al. 2022

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Winter represents a challenging period for insects inhabiting temperate regions. A plethora of studies have investigated how environmental conditions such as temperature affect insect overwintering success. However, only a few studies have focused on biotic factors and the mechanisms affecting the overwintering performance of insects. Here, we investigated the effects of the parasitic fungus Hesperomyces virescens on the overwintering performance and immune system functioning of the invasive ladybird Harmonia axyridis . Winter survival was significantly lower for infected than for uninfected ladybirds. Body mass loss during overwintering tends to be higher for infected individuals compared to uninfected ones and for larger ladybirds. In addition, parasitic infection reduced post-winter longevity without food in male but not female ladybirds. Total haemocyte and protein concentration as well as antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli significantly decreased during ladybird overwintering. However, haemolymph parameters were only poorly affected by Hesperomyces infection, with the exception of antimicrobial activity against E. coli that tended to be higher in infected ladybirds. Interestingly, none of the pre-winter haemolymph parameters were good predictors of ladybird winter survival. Overall, our results indicate that energy exhaustion unrelated to immune system challenge is the most probable explanation for increased overwintering mortality in infected ladybirds.

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“…Recent elegant studies by Steele et al [38,39] provide an insight into the impact of pathogen infection upon production of the alkaloid 1 in A. bipunctata. When A. bipunctata was infected by the microsporidian pathogen Nosema adaliae, larval develop-Scheme 1: Synthetic strategies before 1995. ment was significantly delayed.…”

Section: Review Chemical Ecology Of Adalia Bipunctatamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At elevated temperatures, developmental delays caused by infection were reduced, spore counts and infection decreased, and there was an increase in the content of 1 [38]. In a second study, the authors evaluated the effects of the N. adaliae infection and food availability on production of 1 [39]. Infected A. bipunctata were shown to produce more 1 than uninfected adults.…”

Section: Review Chemical Ecology Of Adalia Bipunctatamentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent progress in the synthesis of homotropane alkaloids adaline, euphococcinine and N-methyleuphococcinine

Lima¹,

Santana²,

Birkett³

et al. 2021

Beilstein J. Org. Chem.

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The 9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane ring system is present in several insect- and plant-derived alkaloids. (−)-Adaline (1) and (+)-euphococcinine (2), found in secretions of Coccinelid beetles, and (+)-N-methyleuphococcinine (3), isolated from the Colorado blue spruce Picea pungens, are members of this alkaloid family. Their unique bicyclic system with a quaternary stereocenter, and the potent biological activity exerted by these homotropane alkaloids, make them attractive synthetic targets. This work aims briefly to review the chemical ecology of Adalia bipunctata and the recent methodologies to obtain adaline (1), euphococcinine (2), and N-methyleuphococcinine (3).

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Effects of food availability on microsporidiosis and alkaloid production in the two-spotted lady beetle, Adalia bipunctata L.

Cited by 5 publications

References 15 publications

Efficacy and biosafety assessment of neuropeptide CAPA analogues against the peach‐potato aphid (Myzus persicae)

Efficacy and biosafety assessment of neuropeptide CAPA analogues against the peach‐potato aphid (Myzus persicae)

Fungal ectoparasites increase winter mortality of ladybird hosts despite limited effects on their immune system

Recent progress in the synthesis of homotropane alkaloids adaline, euphococcinine and N-methyleuphococcinine

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