Effects of florivory on plant‐pollinator interactions: Implications for male and female components of plant reproduction

Carper, Adrian L.; Adler, Lynn S.; Irwin, Rebecca E.

doi:10.3732/ajb.1600144

Cited by 27 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…, Carper et al. ). Alternatively, antagonists can also detect and reject plants depleted of floral resources by mutualists (Stout et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…, Irwin , McCall and Irwin , Carper et al. ). However, centrality may enhance plant reproductive success in other aspects not evaluated in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…, McCall and Irwin , Carper et al. ). Thus, future field experiments including paternal analysis of offspring to infer pollen dispersal patterns will shed light on the role of antagonists in pollination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional consequences of plant‐animal interactions along the mutualism‐antagonism gradient

Rodríguez-Rodríguez

Jordano

Valido

2017

Ecology

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Abstract. Plant-animal interactions are pivotal for ecosystem functioning, and usually form complex networks involving multiple species of mutualists as well as antagonists. The costs and benefits of these interactions show a strong context-dependency directly related to individual variation in partner identity and differential strength. Yet understanding the context-dependency and functional consequences of mutualistic and antagonistic interactions on individuals remains a lasting challenge. We use a network approach to characterize the individual, plant-based pollination interaction networks of the Canarian Isoplexis canariensis (Plantaginaceae) with a mixed assemblage of vertebrate mutualists (birds and lizards) and invertebrate antagonists (florivores, nectar larcenists, and predispersal seed predators). We identify and quantify interaction typologies based on the sign (mutualistic vs. antagonistic) and strength (weak vs. strong) of animal-mediated pollination and test the relationship with individual female reproductive success (FRS). In addition, we document pollinator movement patterns among individual plants to infer events of pollen transfer/receipt that define the plant mating networks and test the relationship with FRS. We identify six interaction typologies along a mutualism-antagonism gradient, with two typologies being over-represented involving both mutualists and antagonists and influencing FRS. Plants showing strong mutualistic interactions, but also (weak or strong) interactions with antagonists are relatively better connected in the mating network (i.e., with higher potential to transfer or receive pollen). Thus, mixed flower visitor assemblages with mutualists and antagonists give plants increased their importance in the mating networks, promote outcrossing and increasing both female and male fitness. Our approach helps characterize plant-animal interaction typologies, the context-specificity of diversified mutualisms, and a better forecasting of their functional consequences.

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“…, Carper et al. ). Alternatively, antagonists can also detect and reject plants depleted of floral resources by mutualists (Stout et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…, Irwin , McCall and Irwin , Carper et al. ). However, centrality may enhance plant reproductive success in other aspects not evaluated in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional consequences of plant‐animal interactions along the mutualism‐antagonism gradient

Rodríguez-Rodríguez

Jordano

Valido

2017

Ecology

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“…, Carper et al . ). Simultaneously, considering selection patterns on nectar volume could be essential to better understand the variation in female reproductive success in our study system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Increased attractiveness to pollinators by means of a higher number or size of flowers displayed intensifies florivore (Galen 1999, Teixido et al 2011, Ruane et al 2014 and nectarrobber incidence (Irwin & Brody 1998, Irwin 2006, Lobo et al 2016. The total outcome of nectar-robbers and florivores, including direct and indirect effects (respectively, damage to floral reproductive organs and changes in pollination derived from decreasing attractiveness or nectar availability) can strongly affect plant fitness by reducing reproductive output (e.g., Schemske & Horvitz 1988, Irwin et al 2001, Castro et al 2008, Carper et al 2016. This translates into antagonist-mediated negative selective pressures on the same floral attractiveness traits as those that are positively selected by pollinators (Galen & Cuba 2001, Irwin et al 2001, Irwin 2006, Bartkowska & Johnston 2012.…”

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confidence: 99%

Floral antagonists counteract pollinator‐mediated selection on attractiveness traits in the hummingbird‐pollinatedCollaea cipoensis(Fabaceae)

et al. 2018

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Pollinator‐mediated selection toward larger and abundant flowers is common in naturally pollen‐limited populations. However, floral antagonists may counteract this effect, maintaining smaller‐ and few‐flowered individuals within populations. We quantified pollinator and antagonist visit rates and determined a multiplicative female fitness component from attacked and non‐attacked flowers of the Brazilian hummingbird‐pollinated shrub Collaea cipoensis to determine the selective effects of pollinators and floral antagonists on flower size and number. We predicted that floral antagonists reduce the female fitness component and thus exert negative selective pressures on flower size and number, counteracting the positive effects of pollinators. Pollinators, mainly hummingbirds, comprised 4% of total floral visitation, whereas antagonist ants and bees accounted for 90% of visitation. Nectar‐robbers involved about 99% of floral antagonist visit rates, whereas florivores comprised the remaining 1%. Larger and abundant flowers increased both pollinator and antagonist visit rates and the female fitness component significantly decreased in flowers attacked by nectar‐robbers and florivores in comparison to non‐attacked flowers. We detected that pollinators favored larger‐ and many‐flowered individuals, whereas floral antagonists exerted negative selection on flower size and number. This study confirms that floral antagonists reduce female plant fitness and this pattern directly exerts negative selective pressures on flower size and number, counteracting pollinator‐mediated selection on floral attractiveness traits.

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Consequences of secondary nectar robbing for male components of plant reproduction

Richman

Irwin

Bosak

et al. 2018

American J of Botany

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Effects of florivory on plant‐pollinator interactions: Implications for male and female components of plant reproduction

Cited by 27 publications

References 56 publications

Functional consequences of plant‐animal interactions along the mutualism‐antagonism gradient

Functional consequences of plant‐animal interactions along the mutualism‐antagonism gradient

Floral antagonists counteract pollinator‐mediated selection on attractiveness traits in the hummingbird‐pollinatedCollaea cipoensis(Fabaceae)

Consequences of secondary nectar robbing for male components of plant reproduction

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