Effects of Fiber Reinforcement on Clay Aerogel Composites

Finlay, Katherine A.; Gawryla, Matthew D.; Schiraldi, David A.

doi:10.3390/ma8085258

Cited by 25 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…When compared with neat PUR_0, in the case of foams containing HS fillers, the transition from elastic to plateau region is more abrupt, while the elongation at break decreases, indicating the more rigid structure of modified foams. A similar trend has been found in previous studies as well [ 53 , 54 ].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

The Impact of Hemp Shives Impregnated with Selected Plant Oils on Mechanical, Thermal, and Insulating Properties of Polyurethane Composite Foams

2020

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Polyurethane (PUR) foams reinforced with 2 wt.% hemp shives (HS) fillers were successfully synthesized. Three different types of HS fillers were evaluated—non-treated HS, HS impregnated with sunflower oil (SO) and HS impregnated with tung oil (TO). The impact of each type of HS fillers on cellular morphology, mechanical performances, thermal stability, and flame retardancy was evaluated. It has been shown that the addition of HS fillers improved the mechanical characteristics of PUR foams. Among all modified series, the greatest improvement was observed after the incorporation of non-treated HS filler—when compared with neat foams, the value of compressive strength increased by ~13%. Moreover, the incorporation of impregnated HS fillers resulted in the improvement of thermal stability and flame retardancy of PUR foams. For example, the addition of both types of impregnated HS fillers significantly decreased the value of heat peak release (pHRR), total smoke release (TSR), and limiting oxygen index (LOI). Moreover, the PUR foams containing impregnated fillers were characterized by improved hydrophobicity and limited water uptake. The obtained results confirmed that the modification of PUR foams with non-treated and impregnated HS fillers may be a successful approach in producing polymeric composites with improved properties.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

The Impact of Hemp Shives Impregnated with Selected Plant Oils on Mechanical, Thermal, and Insulating Properties of Polyurethane Composite Foams

2020

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“…Thanks to this, the external force is encountered by a greater number of cells which improves the mechanical resistance of PUR composites. The mechanical properties of PUR composites are additionally supported by their more cross-linked structure and the presence of filler particles, which successfully support the load-bearing process [ 57 , 68 , 69 ]. Most importantly, the obtained results confirm the reinforcing effect of lavender fillers and they are in line with international requirements for constructive materials [ 70 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyurethane Hybrid Composites Reinforced with Lavender Residue Functionalized with Kaolinite and Hydroxyapatite

et al. 2021

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Polyurethane (PUR) composites were modified with 2 wt.% of lavender fillers functionalized with kaolinite (K) and hydroxyapatite (HA). The impact of lavender fillers on selected properties of PUR composites, such as rheological properties (dynamic viscosity, foaming behavior), mechanical properties (compressive strength, flexural strength, impact strength), insulation properties (thermal conductivity), thermal characteristic (temperature of thermal decomposition stages), flame retardancy (e.g., ignition time, limiting oxygen index, heat peak release) and performance properties (water uptake, contact angle) was investigated. Among all modified types of PUR composites, the greatest improvement was observed for PUR composites filled with lavender fillers functionalized with kaolinite and hydroxyapatite. For example, on the addition of functionalized lavender fillers, the compressive strength was enhanced by ~16–18%, flexural strength by ~9–12%, and impact strength by ~7%. Due to the functionalization of lavender filler with thermally stable flame retardant compounds, such modified PUR composites were characterized by higher temperatures of thermal decomposition. Most importantly, PUR composites filled with flame retardant compounds exhibited improved flame resistance characteristics—in both cases, the value of peak heat release was reduced by ~50%, while the value of total smoke release was reduced by ~30%.

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“…Therefore, the mechanical characteristic of the PUR composites was enhanced by a more rigid, cross-linked cellular structure. Furthermore, as discussed previously, the application of the high-energy ball-milling process resulted in the formation of smaller particles of the filler, which could be easily built in the PUR structure, showing a reinforcing function and effectively transferring an external load [ 52 , 53 , 54 ]. Owing to the higher stiffness of PUR composites, they were able to absorb more energy, effectively improving the mechanical resistance [ 55 , 56 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coir Fibers Treated with Henna as a Potential Reinforcing Filler in the Synthesis of Polyurethane Composites

2021

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In this study, coir fibers were successfully modified with henna (derived from the Lawsonia inermis plant) using a high-energy ball-milling process. In the next step, such developed filler was used as a reinforcing filler in the production of rigid polyurethane (PUR) foams. The impact of 1, 2, and 5 wt % of coir-fiber filler on structural and physico-mechanical properties was evaluated. Among all modified series of PUR composites, the greatest improvement in physico-mechanical performances was observed for PUR composites reinforced with 1 wt % of the coir-fiber filler. For example, on the addition of 1 wt % of coir-fiber filler, the compression strength was improved by 23%, while the flexural strength increased by 9%. Similar dependence was observed in the case of dynamic-mechanical properties—on the addition of 1 wt % of the filler, the value of glass transition temperature increased from 149 °C to 178 °C, while the value of storage modulus increased by ~80%. It was found that PUR composites reinforced with coir-fiber filler were characterized by better mechanical performances after the UV-aging.

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Effects of Fiber Reinforcement on Clay Aerogel Composites

Cited by 25 publications

References 27 publications

The Impact of Hemp Shives Impregnated with Selected Plant Oils on Mechanical, Thermal, and Insulating Properties of Polyurethane Composite Foams

The Impact of Hemp Shives Impregnated with Selected Plant Oils on Mechanical, Thermal, and Insulating Properties of Polyurethane Composite Foams

Polyurethane Hybrid Composites Reinforced with Lavender Residue Functionalized with Kaolinite and Hydroxyapatite

Coir Fibers Treated with Henna as a Potential Reinforcing Filler in the Synthesis of Polyurethane Composites

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