Effects of fertilization on soil aggregation, carbon distribution and carbon management index of maize-wheat rotation in the north-western Indian Himalayas

Ghosh, B. N.; Meena, Vijay Singh; Singh, Raman Jeet; Alam, N. M.; Patra, Sridhar; Bhattacharyya, Ranjan; Sharma, N. K.; Dadhwal, K. S.; Mishra, P. K.

doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2018.02.050

Cited by 50 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…serving as "sieves", protected C by providing physical barriers between OC and OC decomposers, thus influencing the OC distribution and stabilization thereof 1,5,35,41,48 . In this study, the combined density and humic fractionation method of SOC could help quantify the allocation regimes of OC within aggregates and their underlying sequestrating mechanisms within soil matrixes 3,17 .…”

Section: Organic Carbon Allocation Within Aggregates Under Different mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, the combined density and humic fractionation method of SOC could help quantify the allocation regimes of OC within aggregates and their underlying sequestrating mechanisms within soil matrixes 3,17 . The OC distribution varied within different sized aggregates under land use and agricultural managements due to changes of nutrient availability, soil biota, and their interactions with soil aggregates 48,49 . Compared with cropland and bareland soils, relatively higher OC concentrations were accumulated in all density and humic fractions within all aggregate sizes in grassland.…”

Section: Organic Carbon Allocation Within Aggregates Under Different mentioning

confidence: 99%

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31-year contrasting agricultural managements affect the distribution of organic carbon in aggregate-sized fractions of a Mollisol

Han

Zhang

Long

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Evaluation of soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics is often limited by the complexity of soil matrix. Quantitative information on the distribution of SOC within aggregate hierarchy will help elucidate the carbon flow in soil matrix. However, this knowledge still needs to be documented. Soils were sampled from a surface Mollisol with plots under 100 years of continuous cropping, 31 years of simulated overgrazing to severely degraded bareland, and grassland restoration from cropped soil. A combined density and chemical fractionation procedure within water-stable aggregate was utilized to quantify the distribution of OC after long-term different land use patterns. Results showed that grassland significantly increased total SOC and mean aggregate associated OC compared to initial soil in 1985 with total SOC (g kg −1 soil) from 46.1 to 31.7 and mean aggregate associated OC (g kg −1 aggregate) from 31.6 to 44.7. Converting cropland to grassland also enhanced the formation of macroaggregates (>0.25 mm) (from 34.7% to 52.2%) and increased the OC concentrations in density and humic fractions by 48.3%-75.9% within aggregates. But the proportions of OC in density and humic fractions to SOC only increased in macroaggregates in grassland. Alternatively, converting cropland to bareland caused substantial depletion of total SOC, macroaggregates and their associated OC concentrations. The SOC (g kg −1 soil) and mean aggregate associated OC (g kg −1 aggregate) significantly decreased from 31.7 to 25.7 and from 31.6 to 26.2, respectively. While the OC concentration of density and humic fractions within aggregates in bareland did not show significant decreases. Principal component analysis demonstrated that the soils were developed by contrasting land use changes, with the grassland soil being more associated with labile OC fractions within macroaggregats and bareland soil more associated with recalcitrant OC fractions within microaggregates and silt-clay units. These findings highlighted the favorable preservation of plant-derived carbon within soil aggregates, particularly in the labile OC fractions within macroaggregates under high plant inputs with 31 years of grassland conversion. For the cropland and bareland soils without organic inputs, more OC was stabilized within fine aggregates via organo-mineral interactions, tending to be more recalcitrant. The processes governing the formation, transformation, and stabilization of soil organic carbon (SOC) are closely tied to soil aggregate architecture 1. Soil aggregates can physically protect SOC against decomposition and store SOC crucial to climate change mitigation 2. Also, the location of organic carbon within aggregate is a key factor for the stabilization of SOC 3 due to spatial arrangement of soil constituents and soil microbes 1,4. One important but poorly understood aspect of soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition and stabilization is the role of soil aggregates. Soil aggregates controlled the degree of hierarchical inaccessibility of SOC to decomposing organisms or catalyt...

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Section: Organic Carbon Allocation Within Aggregates Under Different mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Organic Carbon Allocation Within Aggregates Under Different mentioning

confidence: 99%

31-year contrasting agricultural managements affect the distribution of organic carbon in aggregate-sized fractions of a Mollisol

Han

Zhang

Long

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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show abstract

“…The mean weight diameter increased by twofold in a loamy sand with BC application at 20 g/kg, while there was no significant effect in a clay loam soil (Chathurika et al, 2016b). Both the type and the rate of amendment influence their effect on aggregate stability (Zhang et al, 2017;Ghosh et al, 2018). Zhang et al (2017) observed that BC application at 8 t/ha had no significant effects on soil aggregation, while a significant increase in soil macro-aggregates was observed at a rate of 16 t/ha.…”

Section: Amendment Effects On Soil Fertilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving soil carbon pool, soil fertility and yield of maize (Zea mays L.) in low-fertile tropical Alfisols by combining fertilizers with slow-decomposing organic amendments

et al. 2019

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Amendment of recalcitrant organic materials with high carbon/nitrogen (C/N)-ratio may improve and maintain soil labile C for a longer period, thus enhancing the productivity of soils with low fertility; however, immobilization of N may affect the plant growth negatively. To reduce the negative impacts, recalcitrant organic materials can be pre-incubated with N-rich sources or applied in combination with fertilizers. The current study evaluated sawdust biochar (BC) and pre-incubated cattle manure–sawdust mixture (CS) amendments with synthetic fertilizers in improving soil carbon pool, soil fertility and maize (Zea mays L.) yield on a tropical Alfisol. Four treatments: control, site-specific fertilizer (SSF), site-specific fertilizer with sawdust biochar (BC + SSF) or pre-incubated cattle manure-sawdust mixture (CS + SSF), were evaluated for two seasons with maize. The residual effect was evaluated in the third season. During the year of active C application, lability index, C management index and potentially mineralizable N were significantly greater in CS + SSF than BC + SSF treatment. However, the same indices measured in the third season with no further application of amendments were significantly greater in BC + SSF than in CS + SSF treatment, indicating an increase in more recalcitrant C pool with BC amendment. Application of organic amendments improved soil fertility parameters compared with the application of fertilizer alone. Maize yield was significantly increased by fertilizer, with or without organic amendments; with significantly greater yield in BC + SSF than other treatments. Results suggest that soil amendment with BC had greater potential to improve the soil carbon pool and maintain labile carbon for a longer period than a pre-incubated CS.

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“…This implies that regional land use data should include flat and steep slope sites. Difference in sloping and flat crop lands on soil aggregation process and management practices has not been studied intensively [32]. It might be necessary to further evaluate the resulting effects on the soil C content at the regional scale.…”

Section: Temporal Changes In Soil C Stockmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Increase and Long-Term Slow Decrease in Soil C stock Due to Agricultural Development in Hokkaido Tokachi District

et al. 2018

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Soil properties and functions are dramatically altered by changes in agricultural land use. However, little is known about how ecosystem C stock and its partitioning change with deforestation for agricultural land use, especially in cold humid areas. In this study, we investigated how agricultural development influences temporal changes in soil C pools in upland crop fields using a paired-plot approach. Ten pairs of control forest and agricultural development plots (2 to more than 80 years) were selected with the same crop rotation under humid temperate climate in Northeast Japan. We detected a net gain in soil C during the first 2 years of agricultural land development under the flat field condition. This gain in soil C was caused by an increase in the light fraction soil C, which represents plant residue derived-C due to agricultural development. Agricultural development resulted in the loss of soil C in fields without manure application. There was no difference in the ecosystem C stock among soil types or with the amount of manure applied. Agricultural development resulted in a slow decrease in soil C storage, indicating a slow rate of C decomposition under cool climate conditions.

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Effects of fertilization on soil aggregation, carbon distribution and carbon management index of maize-wheat rotation in the north-western Indian Himalayas

Cited by 50 publications

References 80 publications

31-year contrasting agricultural managements affect the distribution of organic carbon in aggregate-sized fractions of a Mollisol

31-year contrasting agricultural managements affect the distribution of organic carbon in aggregate-sized fractions of a Mollisol

Improving soil carbon pool, soil fertility and yield of maize (Zea mays L.) in low-fertile tropical Alfisols by combining fertilizers with slow-decomposing organic amendments

Rapid Increase and Long-Term Slow Decrease in Soil C stock Due to Agricultural Development in Hokkaido Tokachi District

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