Effects of Feeding Solid-state Fermented Rapeseed Meal on Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Intestinal Ecology and Intestinal Morphology of Broiler Chickens

Abstract

This trial was conducted to determine the effects of feeding a diet containing solid-state fermented rapeseed meal on performance, nutrient digestibility, intestinal ecology and intestinal morphology of broiler chickens. A mixed liquid culture, containing approximately 5 log cfu/ml Lactobacillus fermentum, Enterococcus faecium, Saccharomyces cerevisae and Bacillus subtilis was prepared in a 1:1:1:1 ratio. A basal substrate (BS) containing 75% rapeseed, 24% wheat bran and 1% brown sugar was mixed with the liquid culture in a ratio of 10:3. Over the 30-day fermentation, isothiocyanates were reduced from 119.6 to 14.7 mmol/kg. A total of 168, day-old male Arbor Acres broiler chicks were assigned to one of three dietary treatments including a corn-soybean meal based control diet as well as two experimental diets in which the control diet was supplemented with 10% of the BS containing unfermented rapeseed meal or 10% of the BS containing rapeseed meal subjected to solid state fermentation. There were 8 pens per treatment and 7 birds per pen. From days 19-21 and days 40-42, uncontaminated excreta were collected from each pen for digestibility determinations. In addition, digesta from the colon and ceca were collected to determine the number of lactobacilli, enterobacteria and total aerobes. The middle sections of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum were collected for intestinal morphology. Over the entire experimental period (d 1-42), the weight gain and feed conversion of birds fed fermented rapeseed meal were superior (p<0.05) to that of birds fed nonfermented rapeseed meal and did not differ from the soybean control. On day 42, birds fed fermented rapeseed meal had higher (p<0.05) total tract apparent digestibility coefficients for dry matter, energy, and calcium than birds fed non-fermented rapeseed meal. Colon and ceca digesta from broilers fed the fermented feed had higher (p<0.05) lactobacilli counts than birds fed the control and non-fermented rapeseed meal diets on day 21 and 42. Fermentation also improved (p<0.05) villus height and the villus height:crypt depth ratio in the ileum and jejunum on day 21 and 42. The results indicate that solid-state fermentation of rapeseed meal enhanced performance and improved the intestinal morphology of broilers and may allow greater quantities of rapeseed meal to be fed to broilers potentially reducing the cost of broiler production.

Probiotic levels, chemical composition and fermentative characteristics in solid state fermentation of paper sludge for animal feeding

“…This effect also is observed with the inoculation of microorganisms in SSF of various substrates [8,14]. In agreement with present investigation, [15] obtained a decrease in DM content in SSF of rapeseed paste inoculated with a culture of Lactobacillus fermentum, Enterococcus faecium, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Bacillus subtilis. This decrease in DM was probably caused by the consumption of carbohydrates.…”

Effect of oregano oil dietary supplementation on production parameters, height of intestinal villi and the antioxidant capacity in the breast of broiler

“…However, the variation of components in oregano oil and diet are factors that can modify these effects. Chiang et al (2010) and Sayrafi et al (2011) report that the villi height increases with the amount of oregano oil in the feed, an effect that was also observed in the experiment both for 3 and 6 week old chickens.…”

“…The highest villi appeared in 42 days old chickens, and the size in duodenum, jejunum and ileum was greater by 16, 22 and 70%, respectively, compared to that reported by Chiang et al (2010) and Zavarize et al (2012). Other researchers report no morphological changes at doses of 500 mg of oregano oil per kg of feed (Onderci et al 2008, Betancourt et al 2012, Emami et al 2012, Laudadio et al 2012, Wu et al 2013.…”

“…The height of intestinal villi was associated with the accumulation of antioxidant compounds in the breast meat, since villi height influences the absorption of nutrients (Chiang et al 2010). Chickens receiving a diet with 400 mg of oregano oil per kg feed had higher absorption and accumulation of oregano compounds and its metabolites in their their muscle fibers (Uni et al 1998).…”

Lactobacillus salivarius Fermentation Reduced Glucosinolate and Fibre in Canola Meal

“…The increase in CP in the present study is in agreement with the finding reported earlier by Rozan et al (1996), that the loss of dry matter at the expense of fermentable sugars during fermentation with bacteria, would result in higher percentage of CP. Later, Chiang et al (2010) also reported that CP increased slightly after fermentation, and this increase was most likely a reflection of the decline in dry matter content rather than an actual increase in protein content. In the case of amino acid contents, elevated levels were observed for some amino acids like Asp, Glu, Pro and Leu in treated CM, but the differences were not significant when compared to the control.…”