Effects of fatty acid derivatives on the ignition quality and cold flow of diesel fuel

Abstract

The biodiesel that is considered as a possible substitute or extender of conventional automotive diesel fuel is commonly composed of fatty acid methyl esters that are prepared from the glycerides in vegetable oils by transesterification with methanol. This form of biodiesel is compatible with diesel fuel but offers no improvement in its ignition quality. This work describes the results of a series of experiments aimed at assessing other common fatty acid derivatives that could provide the desired biofuel component and, at the same time, improve the performance of the fuel. It was found that tertiary fatty amines and amides are significantly more effective than methyl esters in enhancing the ignition quality of the finished diesel fuel without having any negative effect on its cold flow properties.

Exploring Valuable Lipids in Diatoms

“…In general, for the application of diatom lipids in food or pharmaceuticals, the incorporation of long chain PUFA into TAG is preferred, so that PUFA-containing lipids could be concentrated in oil bodies (Tonon et al, 2002), while the biofuel industry would be in favor of the production of saturated short to medium length chain fatty acid-containing TAGs, which have low cloud points and resistance to oxidation (Stournas et al, 1995). So engineering strategies may be optimized in different scenarios.…”

Screening and Evaluation of Some Green Algal Strains (Chlorophyceae) Isolated from Freshwater and Soda Lakes for Biofuel Production

“…LC3, LC11. A reasonable balance for fuel could be achieved with oil containing high levels of monounsaturated fatty acids like palmitoleic acid (16:1) and oleic acid (18:1) because of their capability of giving the finest compromise between ignition quality, combustion heat, cold filter plugging point (CFPP), oxidative stability, viscosity, and lubricity, which are determined by the structure of its component fatty acids [22,[45][46][47]. It was interesting to find out that the monounsaturated FAs composed of palmitoleic acid (C16:1) and oleic acids (C18:1) in C. vulgaris.…”

Biodiesel de soja: taxa de conversão em ésteres etílicos, caracterização físico-química e consumo em gerador de energia

“…Assim, países como França, Áustria, Alemanha, Bélgica, Reino Unido, Itália, Holanda, Finlândia, Estados Unidos, Japão e Suécia vêm investindo significativamente na produção e viabilização comercial do biodiesel, através de unidades de produção com diferentes capacidades 6,13,21 e também se pode dizer que para o Brasil esta é uma tecnologia bastante adequada, devido à disponibilidade de óleo de soja e de álcool etílico derivado da cana-de-açúcar. No entanto, a comercialização do biodiesel ainda apresenta alguns gargalos tecnológicos 24 , surgindo como obstáculos para sua comercialização o preço da matéria-prima e os custos operacionais 25 . O Brasil consome cerca de 35 milhões de t/ano de óleo diesel 26 , assim, com ampliação deste mercado a economia de petróleo importado seria expressiva, podendo inclusive minimizar o déficit de nossa balança de pagamentos.…”