Effects of extraocular muscle surgery on 15 patients with oculo-cutaneous albinism (OCA) and infantile nystagmus syndrome (INS)

Clinical Contrast Sensitivity Function in Patients with Infantile Nystagmus Syndrome Before and After Eye Muscle Surgery

“…The improvement in INS applies both to patients with and without associated sensory-system defects. Ocular motor and visual system benefits have been shown to be consistently observed in patients who undergo eye muscle surgery for INS, even if the purpose was to decrease torticollis or improve strabismus [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20].…”

“…There is a large body of data supporting the hypothesis that foveation periods occurring during each beat of nystagmus can be lengthened or increased by therapeutic interventions (i.e., medicines, surgery, contact lenses, etc.) [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Quantitating these foveation periods is accomplished with accurate, calibrated, eye movement recordings using various foveation programs.…”

“…Spectacle-corrected distance visual acuity was measured at 3 meters in the patient's habitual head position using the Amblyopia Treatment Study (ATS) HOTV protocol for patients < 7 years and the ATS ETDRS protocol for patients > 7 years of age at least every 4 (+ 1) weeks after spectacle wear until acuity remained at within 1 line from the prior visit [11]. This testing was accomplished in the patient's eccentric null position if they did not have IAPAN and in primary position during the patient's time of least intense nystagmus if they had IAPAN using the acuity testing protocols mentioned above [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. The visit at which visual acuity remained stable became the baseline for all further measurements.…”

“…The visit at which visual acuity remained stable became the baseline for all further measurements. All subsequent measures of visual acuity described below were obtained using the age-appropriate ATS protocol [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20].…”

“…Visual Acuity (VA) testing was performed with the patient's full optical correction in place using the electronic ATS protocol [21]. Measurements of Best Visual Acuity (BVA) were obtained both binocularly and monocularly in the patient's habitual head position (using either their static null position or during the patient's least nystagmus intensity if diagnosed clinically or using eye movement recordings with IAPAN) [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21].…”