Effects of exercise training on oxygen uptake in coronary heart disease: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

Abstract

It is not known to what extent exercise programs increase maximal oxygen uptake (VO(2max)) in patients with coronary heart diseases (CHD). The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of exercise interventions on VO(2max) in subjects with CHD. Database search of randomized controlled trials was conducted from PubMed. Studies were included that reported the characteristics and effects of exercise interventions in subjects with CHD, included a non-exercise control group and measured VO(2max) using direct measurement method. Eighteen studies were eligible. Exercise interventions increased VO(2max) by 2.6 +/- 1.6 and 0.3 +/- 1.4 mL/kg/min in the training and control groups, respectively. The net difference in the change of VO(2max) between the groups was 2.3 mL/kg/min with a standardized mean difference of 0.60 [95% CI 0.47, 0.74] (P<0.001). Aerobic training led to a larger difference in VO(2max) between the groups than other training modes. Over 6 months of training period and training started within 3 months after a cardiac event also had a significant effect on VO(2max). This analysis showed that a long exercise training period starting soon after a cardiac event improved VO(2max) in patients with CHD most effectively. In future studies, the training programs should be designed carefully as even larger improvements in VO(2max) may be possible.

Influence of aerobic exercise training on left ventricular remodeling and neurohumoral response in patients with myocardial infarction

“…Data of aerobic improvement found in this study are comparable to those described in literature, where percentage increases of VO 2 between 10 and 30% are reported [18]. In this present study, it was observed a percentage increase of VO 2 peak of 16% after applying moderate-intensity aerobic physical exercise.…”

Effects of Physical Activity and Exercise Training on Cardiovascular Risk in Coronary Artery Disease Patients With and Without Type 2 Diabetes

“…Statistically significant but small improvements were seen in exercise capacity in CAD patients both with and without T2D. However, exercise capacity increased an average of ,5%, whereas in previous studies, the improvement in exercise capacity or CV fitness has varied from 14 to even 40% during exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (29)(30)(31)(32). In our study, the patients had an average of about one MET higher exercise capacity at the baseline in comparison with the patients in previous studies.…”

Delays in Referral and Enrolment Are Associated With Mitigated Benefits of Cardiac Rehabilitation After Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery

“…11,12 However, effect of later CR entry on cardiovascular fitness and other key CR outcomes has not been examined in the post-CABG population specifically, where different findings may be observed owing to a different early recovery trajectory. Moreover, there may be unique barriers that delay entry to CR in CABG compared with nonsurgical patients.…”

“…Five studies have been published with mixed results, but none have reported results for CABG patients separately. In a subanalysis of a systematic review, Valkeinen et al 12 reported that there was more than a 2-fold greater gain in VȮ 2peak for patients starting CR <3 months after event (n=11 studies) compared with patients who started CR >3 months (n=7 studies) after event (P=0.06). However, the data were unadjusted for baseline measures or correlates of later entry.…”