Effects of exercise training of 8 weeks and detraining on plasma levels of endothelium-derived factors, endothelin-1 and nitric oxide, in healthy young humans

Maeda, Seiji; Miyauchi, Takashi; Kakiyama, Tetsuji; Sugawara, Jun; Iemitsu, Motoyuki; Irukayama-Tomobe, Yoko; Murakami, Haruka; Kumagai, Yoshito; Kuno, Shinya; Matsuda, Mitsuo

doi:10.1016/s0024-3205(01)01192-4

Cited by 232 publications

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“…It must be highlighted that these data report about ten weeks of observation and that, according to what has been already reported in the literature, whenever there is exercise interruption, the hypotensive effects and the remaining benefic effects produced by it are also interrupted 28 . Thus, the result persists while the exercise program is going on, just like with the pharmacological treatment.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Exercício físico controla pressão arterial e melhora qualidade de vida

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et al. 2013

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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Introduction: In order to correctly treat hypertension, it is plausible to hypothesize that in the face of regular exercise, these patients would not need anti-hypertensive drugs. Objective: To evaluate the effect of treatment exclusive with exercise on blood pressure (BP) and quality of life (QOL) of hypertensive subjects. Methods: Clinical trial of 32 sedentary hypertensive subjects, 55 ± 9 years, who were under pharmacological treatment (PT) randomly allocated to Exercise Group (EG) and Control Group (CG). At EG, 18 subjects (50% women) at least 10 days after the cessation of PT started the exercise program of 10 weeks, 3x/week, 30 minutes of aerobic exercise followed by resistance exercises, while 14 CG (57% women) remained under PT. Systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was evaluated by auscultation at the beginning and end and QOL were evaluated using the MINICHAL questionnaire.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Exercício físico controla pressão arterial e melhora qualidade de vida

Bündchen

Schenkel

Santos

et al. 2013

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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“…33,34) Increased blood pressure 35) or increased ET-1 production 17) have unfavorable effects on the arterial walls. Maeda, et al 36,37) previously reported that the plasma level of ET-1 was decreased by aerobic exercise training in young and elderly humans. In this study, we observed that participation in endurance exercise had more of an effect on the plasma level of ET-1 than the effect caused by essential hypertension.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Left Ventricular Hypertrophy, Diastolic Dysfunction, Pulse Pressure, and Plasma ET-1 in Marathon Runners With Exaggerated Blood Pressure Response

et al. 2013

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SummaryThis study was conducted to study left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), diastolic dysfunction, pulse pressure (PP), and plasma endothelin (ET)-1 level in amateur marathon runners with an exaggerated blood pressure response (EBPR) to exercise. The study participants included normotensive marathon runners (NM, n = 15), EBPR marathon runners (EBPR, n = 17), normotensive sedentary individuals (CON, n = 13), and hypertensive patients (HTN, n = 14). An integrated M-mode/2-dimensional echocardiographic analysis was performed. Plasma ET-1 levels at resting were measured using a commercial ELISA kit. LV wall thickness and end-diastolic dimensions as well as LV mass index (LVMI) were higher in EBPR than in CON. There were no differences in systolic function among the groups. Analysis of diastolic function, such as lower Em and higher E/Em ratio on TDI, showed a worse relaxation pattern in EBPR. Despite LVH, NM subjects showed no abnormality of LV diastolic dysfunction. HTN subjects in the early stage of their disease showed a slightly modified LV structural and diastolic function, but there was no statistical difference compared with CON. The E/Em ratio was significantly correlated with PP and LVMI. LVMI was significantly correlated with PP. There was a significant difference in plasma ET-1 concentration between marathon runners and hypertensive subjects. We demonstrated that marathon runners with EBPR showed an increase in LVMI and diastolic dysfunction more than HTN subjects in the early stage. PP was significantly related to these two variables. Caution should be exercised when connecting LVH and diastolic dysfunction with plasma ET-1 concentration in all marathon runners. (Int Heart J 2013; 54: 82-87)Key words: Endothelin-1, Marathon A thlete's heart is a well known condition characterized by structural, electrical, and functional adaptations of the myocardium consequent to regular physical training and consistent with the intensity, duration, and type of activity.1,2) To date, conflicting data have been reported concerning the nature (physiologic versus pathologic) of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in master athletes and veterans. [3][4][5][6] Exaggerated blood pressure response (EBPR) during exercise is associated with increased risk of worsening hypertension in normotensives, as well as in subjects with high normal blood pressure (BP). 7,8) Moreover, EBPR might be related to adverse cardiovascular outcomes, partially due to its association with indices of target-organ damage such as LVH, abnormal geometry, or carotid atherosclerosis. [9][10][11] In addition, diastolic dysfunction of the LV frequently accompanies EBPR. 12)However, we do not know whether EBPR in athletes would show the same features associated with abnormal LV remodeling and diastolic dysfunction. Recently, we have unofficially found numerous cases of EBPR to exercise in Korean nonathletic marathon runners. Marathons have become a popular leisure activity in Korea during the last 2 decades and rank first in popularity as a public sport. We t...

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“…Two studies in small groups of young and elderly Japanese subjects have reported significant reductions in plasma EDN1 levels after 2 to 3 months of endurance training. 31,32 Also, EDN1 mRNA levels in the heart were significantly lower in exercise-trained (12 weeks) spontaneously hypertensive rats than in sedentary control animals. 33 However, in normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats, EDN1 expression in the heart either tended to decrease or increase after exercise training.…”

Section: Rankinen Et Al Edn1 Blood Pressure Activity and Fitnessmentioning

confidence: 92%

Effect of Endothelin 1 Genotype on Blood Pressure Is Dependent on Physical Activity or Fitness Levels

et al. 2007

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Abstract-Contributions of the DNA sequence variation at the endothelin 1 locus to the risk of hypertension and to endurance training-induced changes in blood pressure were investigated in the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study and the Health, Risk Factors, Exercise Training and Genetics Family Study cohorts. We identified 586 normotensive control subjects and 607 incident hypertensive case subjects from the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study cohort (all whites) who were normotensive and healthy at their first clinic visit. The case subjects were diagnosed with hypertension during an average follow-up of 9.5 years, whereas the control subjects remained normotensive. The allele and genotype frequencies of 5 endothelin 1 haplotype tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms did not differ significantly between the case and control subjects. However, we observed a significant (Pϭ0.0025) interaction between the endothelin 1 rs5370 (G/T; Lys198Asn) genotype and cardiorespiratory fitness level on the risk of hypertension: among low-fit subjects, the rs5370 minor allele (T; 198Asn) was associated with higher risk of hypertension (odds ratio: 1.95; 95% CI: 1.36 to 2.81; Pϭ0.0003), whereas the risk did not differ among genotypes in high-fit subjects. In the white Health, Risk Factors, Exercise Training and Genetics subjects (Nϭ480), the rs5370 T allele was associated with blunted systolic blood pressure (Pϭ0.0046) and pulse pressure (Pϭ0.0016) responses to a 20-week endurance training program. The Lys198Asn variant of the endothelin 1 locus is associated with blood pressure phenotypes in whites. However, the expression of the genotype effect is modulated by physical activity or cardiorespiratory fitness level. Our study provides an illustrative example of how physical activity and fitness level modifies the associations between a candidate gene and outcome phenotype.

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Effects of exercise training of 8 weeks and detraining on plasma levels of endothelium-derived factors, endothelin-1 and nitric oxide, in healthy young humans

Cited by 232 publications

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Exercício físico controla pressão arterial e melhora qualidade de vida

Exercício físico controla pressão arterial e melhora qualidade de vida

Left Ventricular Hypertrophy, Diastolic Dysfunction, Pulse Pressure, and Plasma ET-1 in Marathon Runners With Exaggerated Blood Pressure Response

Effect of Endothelin 1 Genotype on Blood Pressure Is Dependent on Physical Activity or Fitness Levels

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