Effects of exercise and n–3 fatty acids on postprandial lipemia

Abstract

Because n-3 fatty acid ingestion and aerobic exercise each has been associated with diminished postprandial lipemia (PPL), the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a combination of these two factors on PPL. Sedentary men underwent a standard dietary preparation, including a 12-h fast before each trial. Six subjects performed a control trial (fat meal, 100 g fat) and an n-3 fatty acid trial (fat meal after 3 wk of n-3 fatty acid supplementation at 4 g/day). In a parallel experiment, six different subjects underwent a control trial and n-3 fatty acid supplementation + 60 min of exercise before ingestion of the fat meal. Supplementation with n-3 fatty acid significantly decreased baseline triglyceride (TG) concentrations but did not significantly affect PPL. The combination of n-3 fatty acid and exercise had no effect on the postprandial TG response. The present study suggests that n-3 fatty acid supplementation lowers resting TG concentrations but inhibits the beneficial effect of aerobic exercise on the postprandial TG response.

Exercise and Dietary-Mediated Reductions in Postprandial Lipemia

“…Tinker and colleagues showed that a liquid fish oil supplement containing 5.2 g of EPA and DHA decreased postprandial TGs in hypertriglyceridemia participants [157]. Similar results have been observed by others in both normo- and hypertriglyceridemic participants [158–160] with exceptions [161, 162]. Although the precise mechanisms are unknown, fish oil supplementation has been shown to decrease hepatic triglyceride synthesis via inhibition of diacylglycerol transferase (DGAT), fatty acid synthase, and acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase ACC activities [163, 164].…”

“…An early investigation by Thomas et al [161] showed that a combination of short-term n-3 fatty acids (4 g/d) and a single bout of exercise failed to reduce postprandial lipemia in sedentary individuals. The authors suggested that the reduction in fasting TGs by n-3 fatty acids reduced the postprandial TG-lowering effects of exercise.…”

Effect of n-3 fatty acids on free tryptophan and exercise fatigue

“…Our group has previously shown greater reductions ()32%) in sedentary individuals (Thomas et al 2000). Despite lower levels of TG, no significant attenuation in FFA after n-3fa use was found at baseline or during exercise.…”

“…The protocol that was used to determine _ V O 2max has been used previously in our laboratory (Thomas et al 2000;Zhang et al 1998). This test was used to determine the fitness level of each individual as well as to habituate the subjects to the testing environment for the exercise trials.…”

Impact of carbohydrate restriction with and without fatty acid loading on myocardial 18F-FDG uptake during PET: A randomized controlled trial

“…The time we allotted between fatty drink consumption and 18 F-FDG injection (mean of 61 minutes) may have been too brief to capture peak circulating triglyceride levels 21. The sucralose-based sweetener we used to flavor the fatty drink could have adversely affected myocardial fatty acid metabolism.…”