Effects of ethanol intake on anti-oxidant responses and the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans

Abstract

The effects of alcohol stress on Caenorhabditis elegans were investigated. Nematodes were exposed to 1-5% alcohol, after which lifespan, movement, reactive oxygen species, antioxidant enzymes, cell apoptosis, and expression of apoptosis-related proteins were evaluated. Low concentrations of alcohol (1-2%) significantly enhanced total antioxidant capacity, along with an observable increase in normal locomotion. Total antioxidant activity was significantly lower at high (4-5%) than at low (1-2%) concentrations of alcohol. These results suggested that alcohol intake leads to an imbalance in oxidative defense in C. elegans. None of the groups administered alcohol displayed signs of apoptosis. Low concentrations of alcohol delayed decrepitude, promoted resistance to oxidative stress, and improved antioxidant capacity. However, nematodes could not withstand the oxidative stress induced by and toxicity of high alcohol concentrations, which eventually shortened their lifespan. This study provides a reference for the screening of drugs that reduce the side effects of alcohol. Efectos de la ingesta de etanol en las respuestas antioxidantes y la vida de Caenorhabditis elegans RESUMEN Se investigaron los efectos provocados por el estrés por alcohol en Caenorhabditis elegans. Los nematodos fueron expuestos a concentraciones de alcohol de 1 a 5%, después de lo cual se evaluaron la duración de vida, el movimiento, las especies reactivas de oxígeno, las enzimas antioxidantes, la apoptosis celular y la expresión de las proteínas relacionadas con la apoptosis. Las bajas concentraciones de alcohol (1-2%) produjeron un aumento significativo de la capacidad antioxidante total, además de un incremento observable en la locomoción normal. La actividad antioxidante total fue significativamente menor a concentraciones altas de alcohol (4-5%) en comparación con concentraciones bajas (1-2%). Estos resultados sugieren que la ingesta de alcohol conduce a un desequilibrio en la defensa oxidativa de C. elegans. Ninguno de los grupos a los que se administró alcohol mostró signos de apoptosis. Las bajas concentraciones de alcohol retrasaron la decrepitud, promovieron la resistencia al estrés oxidativo y mejoraron la capacidad antioxidante. Sin embargo, los nematodos no soportaron el estrés oxidativo inducido por la alta concentración de alcohol y tampoco su toxicidad, lo que finalmente acortó su vida. Este estudio proporciona una referencia para la detección de drogas que reducen los efectos secundarios del alcohol.

Yeast volatiles double starvation survival in Drosophila

“…Regardless of how EtOH acts to improve starvation resistance, high levels can be toxic, and our data suggest that stress response pathways are required to ensure extended starvation survival. When presented at higher levels, EtOH toxicity has been reported in both C. elegans and Drosophila , where exposure to high EtOH caused lower antioxidant capacity and decreased life span in the worm ( 41 ) and increased oxidative stress and death in the fly ( 42 ). We found evidence that the toxic effect of EtOH exposure at higher concentrations may be mediated by the conserved insulin-responsive forkhead transcription factor, foxo , as a foxo target was increased upon indirect exposure to EtOH, consistent with increased foxo activation.…”

Akkermansia muciniphila Cell-Free Supernatant Improves Glucose and Lipid Metabolisms in Caenorhabditis elegans

“…Referring to the previous method with slight modifications [ 23 ], C. elegans were cultured on 96-well plates, using a total volume of 200 μL of the liquid system, and were divided into five groups (C, HG, HG-2×, HG-5×, and HG-10×). Four replicates of 20 ± 5 C. elegans per well were set up in each group, and the transfer date was defined as 0 days.…”

The intertwining between lead and ethanol in the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans

“…Based on these considerations, C. elegans allows the assessment of simple behaviors that are shown as alterations in locomotion and measurable as changes in speed or direction closely related to behaviors observed in humans. It has been demonstrated that worms exposed to EtOH evidenced initial hyperactivity followed by immobility, which is reversed when EtOH exposure ceased ( Wu et al, 2019 ). Similarly, low EtOH concentrations (17–52 mM) produce hyperactivity, whereas amounts between 100 and 400 mM decrease motility ( Dhawan et al, 1999 ; Morgan and Sedensky, 1995 ; reviewed in Scholz and Mustard, 2013 ).…”