Effects of Ethanol Extract of Unripe Annona muricata (l.) Fruits on the Haematological and Histopathological Parameters in Swiss Albino Rats Infected with Salmonella typhi

Faleye, Olajide Sunday; Dada, Ebenezer Oluyemi

doi:10.9734/bjpr/2016/19971

Cited by 6 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…On the other hand, the administration of GE had a therapeutic effect on the liver architecture for rats before and after MSG treatment. Such findings are comparable to those of [101]. The involvement inhibits cyclo-oxygenase 2 of tannins in GE and acetogenin [102,103].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Ameliorative Effect of Graviola (Annona muricata) on Mono Sodium Glutamate-Induced Hepatic Injury in Rats: Antioxidant, Apoptotic, Anti-inflammatory, Lipogenesis Markers, and Histopathological Studies

Shukry

El-Shehawi

El-Kholy

et al. 2020

Animals

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Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a widely used food additive, and there is a trepidation that MSG plays a critical role in multiple hepatic disorders. This study was planned to investigate Graviola extract (GE) effects on hepatic and cellular alterations induced by MSG. Fifty Wistar rats were randomly allocated into five groups: control (received normal saline), Graviola (received 200 mg/kg body weight), MSG (received 2.4 gm MSG/kg, 15% of Lethal dose (LD50) of MSG), Graviola + monosodium glutamate (MSG + GE; received GE, 200 mg/kg/day and MSG 2.4 gm/kg body weight (BW) for the next four weeks), and monosodium glutamate + Graviola (received MSG only (2.4 gm/kg BW) daily for four weeks, then concomitant with Graviola (200 mg/kg BW) daily for the next four weeks. MSG and GR were administered orally for eight weeks. Our results showed that MSG caused a significant increase in oxidative stress markers malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), proinflammatory cytokines interleukin 6 (IL-6) level, a tumor protein (P53), hepatic cellular damage, as well as proapoptotic markers caspase-3, and B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2)-like protein 4 (Bax). A significant decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione S transferase (GST), reduced glutathione (GSH), and an antiapoptotic agent B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCl-2) was observed. The detected MSG effects were normalized by Graviola administration, either a prophylactic or protecting dose. Besides, Graviola reduced the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and hepatic fatty acid synthase (FAS) and led to the upregulation of the silent information regulator protein one gene expression gene (SIRT1).In conclusion, the results suggest that Gaviola’s interrelated antiapoptotic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties are potential mechanisms to enhance hepatic deficits and protect the liver. Graviola can, therefore, be considered a promising hepatoprotective supplement. Additionally, further human clinical trials are also necessary to validate the present research.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Ameliorative Effect of Graviola (Annona muricata) on Mono Sodium Glutamate-Induced Hepatic Injury in Rats: Antioxidant, Apoptotic, Anti-inflammatory, Lipogenesis Markers, and Histopathological Studies

Shukry

El-Shehawi

El-Kholy

et al. 2020

Animals

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“…The filtrates were vaporized to dryness using rotary evaporator and subsequently lyophilized to remove the extracting solvent. The crude extracts obtained was preserved in a sterile container and stored in the refrigerator at 4ºC until when ready for use [1]. The crude extracts which were obtained were sterilized using 0.45 µm millipore membrane filter in order to remove any contaminant that might be present before subsequent use.…”

Section: Extraction Of a Muricata Barkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different plants and their parts are used all over the world for various purposes. Study reported that plants have an efficient constituents which are mostly used as antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, antiulcer, anti-inflammatory, antiviral and anticancer agents [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The plant parts have been used from time immemorial, thus its ethnopharmacological use. Generally, the fruit and its juice are used to combat worms and parasitic organisms, to cool fevers, increase breast milk production after birth, and as an astringent for diarrhea and dysentery [1]. The fresh leaves when crushed are applied on skin eruption for quick healing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Susceptibility Patterns of Some Enteric Bacteria to Crude and Purified Bark Extracts of Annona muricata L.

Dada

Akinde

2020

JAMPS

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Aims: This research was carried out to evaluate the susceptibility pattern of some enteric bacteria to crude and purified extracts of Annona muricata bark. Study Design: Experimental design. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria. Between January, 2019 and May, 2019. Methodology: Extraction of bioactive components of bark was done by maceration and phytochemical screening was carried out on the bark extracts to determine the bioactive components present. The bacteria isolates were subjected to antibiotic sensitivity test using standard methods while the antibacterial activity of the plant extracts on human enteric bacteria was determined using agar well dilution method. A. muricata bark extracts were purified using column chromatography method. The minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MIC/MBC) of the extracts were performed using tube dilution technique. Results: The quantitative phytochemical screening for bark extract revealed that glycosides (7.06±0.04, 34.67±0.02 and 19.35±0.01) extracted with aqueous, ethanol and methanol respectively is the most abundant phytochemical constituents. The antibacterial activities of the bark extracts revealed that aqueous showed no inhibition to none while ethanol and methanol inhibited all the test organisms. The highest value of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) for both ethanol and methanol bark extracts was 50 mg/ml and 100 mg/ml respectively. Conclusion: This research revealed that A. muricata bark extracts possesses antibacterial activity against human enteric bacteria isolates used in this study. The purified extracts of A. muricata bark showed higher zones of inhibition which indicates that it can compete well with standard antibiotics and it may also serve as a substitute to the commercially available antibiotics that can be used for the treatment of infections caused by enteric bacteria.

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“…Different plants and their parts are used all over the world for various purposes [3]. Some of which have their constituents and therapeutic properties established scientifically many others are yet to be subjected to investigations.In northern Nigeria variety of plant species are used in diseases management or no consideration to toxicological profile of the plant [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Ethanol Extract of Bridelia ferruginea (W.) on the Haematological and Histopathological Parameters in Swiss Albino Rats Infected with Salmonella typhi

Akinyele

Dada

2020

SAJRM

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Aims: To study the effects of ethanol stem bark extract of Bridelia ferruginea on the hematological and histopathological parameters in Swiss albino rats infected with Salmonella typhi. Study Design: Experimental design. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria. Between January, 2018 and June, 2018. Methodology: Fresh stem bark of Bridelia ferruginea was collected, dried, powered, and extracted using 70% ethanol. Twenty – seven rats of the same age between 90 -120 g in weight were selected and divided into 9 groups containing three each. The infectivity dose (ID) was determined with the clinical S. typhi. The dose of the B. ferruginea stem bark extract (50-5000 mg/kg) used in this study was administered orally for 7 days. At the end of the treatment period, the rats fasted overnight. Then blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture for haematological studies and thereafter sacrificed. Organs (liver and kidney) were excised for relative organ weight analysis and histopathological studies. Results: The infectious dose (ID) of S. typhi on experimental rats in this study was 3.2x106cfu/ml. The weights of liver and kidney in all groups under observation slightly increases (treated with ciprofloxacin and ethanol extract) when compared to the control(uninfected) except for the infected/treated where the weight was significantly reduced. However, The Packed Cell Volume (PCV) and Haemoglobin (Hb) of rats treated with a higher dose of the ethanol (5000mg/ml) extract increased significantly (p<0.05) when compared to the control(uninfected) while the infected but not treated reduced significantly(p<0.05) when compared with the uninfected, infected and treated with Ciprofloxacin and extract groups. The infected and untreated group has the highest reduction in red blood cell counts(RBC) with 3.40 g/l respectively which were significantly different at p when compared to other treatment groups while a non-significant decrease was observed in the Red Blood Cell (RBC) of rats administered with various concentrations of ethanol extract and ciprofloxacin after treatment. White Blood Cells (WBC) of rats given the extract significantly reduced when compared with the control (un-infected) group while there was no significant difference in the lymphocyte count of rat administered the extract of B. ferruginea and ciprofloxacin. Neutrophils of rats in all groups significantly increased (p<0.05). However, the monocyte and eosinophil level were not significantly different from the control. There was dilation of sinusoids depletion separating the hepatic cord in place lined by kupffer cells and not necrosis with possible deposition of immunological materials observed in the liver of rats infected/treated with the extract at various concentrations. Similarly, there were loss of bowman capsule, severe karyolysis and several tubular drainages with possible deposition of immunological materials in the glomeruli basement of the kidney after treatment with the extract of B. ferruginea. Conclusion: The stem bark ethanol extract of Bridelia ferruginea can be found relatively safe. However, excessive use might be toxic to the to the kidney and the liver.

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Effects of Ethanol Extract of Unripe Annona muricata (l.) Fruits on the Haematological and Histopathological Parameters in Swiss Albino Rats Infected with Salmonella typhi

Cited by 6 publications

References 11 publications

Ameliorative Effect of Graviola (Annona muricata) on Mono Sodium Glutamate-Induced Hepatic Injury in Rats: Antioxidant, Apoptotic, Anti-inflammatory, Lipogenesis Markers, and Histopathological Studies

Ameliorative Effect of Graviola (Annona muricata) on Mono Sodium Glutamate-Induced Hepatic Injury in Rats: Antioxidant, Apoptotic, Anti-inflammatory, Lipogenesis Markers, and Histopathological Studies

Susceptibility Patterns of Some Enteric Bacteria to Crude and Purified Bark Extracts of Annona muricata L.

Effects of Ethanol Extract of Bridelia ferruginea (W.) on the Haematological and Histopathological Parameters in Swiss Albino Rats Infected with Salmonella typhi

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