Effects of essential fatty acid deficiency on rat molar pulp cells

Abstract

In rats fed an essential fatty acid deficient (EFAD) diet, either during pregnancy (DN) or for 4 wk postnatally (ND), the cell density in the central part of the pulp increased about two- and threefold, respectively, of that in rats who had received a conventional diet containing sunflower oil. Cells were especially numerous around capillaries. The cell density was also increased twofold in the subodontoblastic layer in the outer part of the pulp, cells being smaller in ND compared with DN. In contrast, the odontoblasts were reduced in height, and the Höhl cells formed a thin layer in EFAD rats. This emphasizes some aspects of pulp specificity which reacted differently from odontoblasts. We suggest that the function of killer cells which normally destroy cells at the periphery of the pulp may be impaired by the diet, leading to cell accumulation.

Apoptosis in human and rat dental pulp

“…Although we used the vascular perfusion method of fixation with a glutaraldehyde/paraformaldehyde mixture followed by osmium tetroxide postfixation which is the best to stabilize membrane lipids, the possiblity that such bodies may be artifactual has to be considered. The fact that with the same fixative method, apoptotic bodies were fewer or absent (unpublished observation) in the pulp of EFAD rats, where the number of pulp cells was increased as a consequence of an impaired programmed cell death (9), is a strong argument against the artifactual possibility.…”

“…As a response to experimental trauma, new differentiating cells appear in the central part of the pulp and migrate towards peripheral areas (8). In this context, essential fatty acid deficiency (EFAD) has been shown to increase the number of pulp cells two-to 3 fold apparently without an increase in cell division (9). As a possible explanation to this, we have proposed that EFAD does not stimulate proliferation but instead impairs the programmed death of fibroblast-like pulp cells, consequently leading to increased cell number.…”

Combination of astaxanthin and fish oil supplementation alters antioxidant enzyme profile of dental pulp tissue

“…Moreover, rats fed with a diet deficient in some essential fatty acids presented a reduction of odontoblast and impaired formation of subodontoblastic layer in the outer part of the pulp (Vermelin et al . ). The preventive use of FO associated with ASTA could control inflammatory cytokines released by migrating human neutrophils under the influence of materials used in the dental capping, such as Ca(OH) 2 , adhesive system and MTA (Cavalcanti et al .…”

Radioautographic Study of the Incorporation of (3H)-Choline Into the Phospholipids of Secretory Ameloblasts and Enamel of Normal and Essential-Fatty-Acid-Deficient Rats

“…Eicosanoids are important as second messengers in signal transduction of endocrine and other stimuli (Wahle, 1990;Gurr and Harwood, 1991;Cook, 1991;Aim et al, 1994). This second role is probably less important than the first in the biology of dental mineralization, although the regulation of cell populations in bone and pulp is controlled by mediators of inflammation (Fuller and Chambers, 1989;Nagata et al, 1994;Vermelin et al, 1995).…”