Effects of environmental enrichment on the welfare of juvenile black rockfish Sebastes schlegelii: Growth, behavior and physiology

Zhang, Zonghang; Bai, Qingqing; Xu, Xiuwen; Guo, Haoyu; Zhang, Xiumei

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2019.734782

Cited by 38 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The cortisol, serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT), 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), dopamine (DA) concentrations were measured using commercial enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) Assay Kits (Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute, Nanjing, China), and the 3, 4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) concentrations were measured using commercial ELISA Assay Kits (Shanghai Yuanye Bioengineering Institute, Shanghai, China) according to the manufacturer’s guidelines. These ELISA Assay Kits have been validated previously [ 32 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Aggressive Behavior, Cortisol and Brain Monoamines during the Formation of Social Hierarchy in Black Rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii)

Zhang

Guo

et al. 2020

Animals

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Aggressive interactions can lead to a social hierarchy and influence the responses of animal behavior and physiology. However, our understanding on the changes of fish behavior and physiology during the process of social hierarchical formation is limited. To explore the responses of fish behavior and physiology to social hierarchy, we examined the differences in the growth performance, aggression, cortisol level, brain serotonergic activity, and brain dopamine activity between the dominant individuals and the subordinate individuals of black rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii) in two time scenarios. In the short-term contest, the cortisol level and the ratio of telencephalic 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA)/5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) was significantly higher in subordinate individuals than in dominant individuals. In the long-term contest, the ratios of 5-HIAA/5-HT in all brain regions were significantly higher, and the frequency of aggressive acts were significantly lower in subordinate individuals than in dominant individuals. In contrast, no difference was detected in growth performance. Significant positive correlations between the cortisol level and serotonergic activity were observed in the short-term contest, but the serotonergic activity was negatively correlated with the aggressive behavior in the long-term contest. These results suggest that subordinate hierarchy inhibits aggression but does not impact growth in black rockfish. The cortisol-related change in brain monoaminergic activity could be a potential indicator to predict aggressive behavior in black rockfish in captivity with an obvious social hierarchy.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Aggressive Behavior, Cortisol and Brain Monoamines during the Formation of Social Hierarchy in Black Rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii)

Zhang

Guo

et al. 2020

Animals

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“…Shelter provided by PE can reduce metabolic costs (Chrétien et al ., 2021; Finstad et al ., 2007; Millidine et al ., 2006). This, in conjunction with reduced levels of stress, may result in improved growth rates observed in Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum, 1792) (Voorhees et al ., 2020; White et al ., 2019) and other species provided with shelter (Batzina & Karakatsouli, 2012; Zhang, Bai, et al ., 2019). The presence of PE can result in less physical damage to fishes, for example less dorsal fin damage was observed in structurally enriched tanks (Berejikian, 2011), and reduce the frequency of potentially damaging escape‐related behaviours (Zimmermann et al ., 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical enrichment research for captive fish: Time to focus on the DETAILS

Jones

Webster

Salvanes

2021

Journal of Fish Biology

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Growing research effort has shown that physical enrichment (PE) can improve fish welfare and research validity. However, the inclusion of PE does not always result in positive effects and conflicting findings have highlighted the many nuances involved. Effects are known to depend on species and life stage tested, but effects may also vary with differences in the specific items used as enrichment between and within studies. Reporting fine‐scale characteristics of items used as enrichment in studies may help to reveal these factors. We conducted a survey of PE‐focused studies published in the last 5 years to examine the current state of methodological reporting. The survey results suggest that some aspects of enrichment are not adequately detailed. For example, the amount and dimensions of objects used as enrichment were frequently omitted. Similarly, the ecological relevance, or other justification, for enrichment items was frequently not made explicit. Focusing on ecologically relevant aspects of PE and increasing the level of detail reported in studies may benefit future work and we propose a framework with the acronym DETAILS (Dimensions, Ecological rationale, Timing of enrichment, Amount, Inputs, Lighting and Social environment). We outline the potential importance of each of the elements of this framework with the hope it may aid in the level of reporting and standardization across studies, ultimately aiding the search for more beneficial types of PE and the development of our understanding and ability to improve the welfare of captive fish and promote more biologically relevant behaviour.

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“…[1,[6][7][8][9]. Using various indicators, including behaviour, numerous studies have emphasised the complexity of an enclosure and the environmental enrichment provided can be critical in facilitating positive welfare outcomes, as well as allowing individuals to express agency through choice and control when confronted with stressors associated with captivity [10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Enclosures that reflect more naturalistic living conditions have been found to accommodate greater species-specific natural behaviours, likely reflecting more positive experiences in animals [1,10,[17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous studies have now shown that fish do possess similar neuroendocrine and physiological stress responses comparative to higher vertebrates and consciously alter their behaviour in response to noxious stimuli and prolonged periods of stress [8,[34][35][36]38]. Beyond the discussion of pain perception, some further research has started to explore fish emotion and cognition [39,40], learning and familiarity [41,42] demonstrating different species' impressive memory capabilities [16,43], individual recognition abilities and even complex social ranking [44].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies of seabream, Sparus aurata, showed an increase in space use and exploration with increased environmental enrichment [11], while Alexandre da Silva et al [43] found Serrapinnus notomelas, foraged less when exposed to low levels of enrichment. Zonghang Zhang et al [16] exposed captive juvenile black rockfish, Sebastes schlegelii to differing levels of plant and structure enrichment and found that control fish exposed to no enrichment had significantly higher basal stress levels (defined by cortisol level and opercular beat rate). Additionally, studies of the Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus and gold fish, Carassius auratus, demonstrate that all of these species exhibit a preference for enriched environments that more accurately mimic their natural habitat [52][53][54][55].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Natural Habitat Design for Zoo-Housed Elasmobranch and Teleost Fish Species Improves Behavioural Repertoire and Space Use in a Visitor Facing Exhibit

Lawrence

Sherwen

Larsen

2021

Animals

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This study investigated the behaviour of two Elasmobranch species; Southern fiddler ray (Trygonorrhina dumerilii, n = 1) and Port Jackson shark (Heterodontus portusjacksoni, n = 4) and two teleost species; moonlighter (Tilodon sexfasciatus, n = 1) and banded morwong (Cheilodactylus spectabilis, n = 1) living within a single enclosure. For this study, two treatments were compared, the original enclosure design, and then after the enclosure had been renovated to more closely represent the species natural habitats, with a raised front viewing glass to prevent visitor interaction. Behaviours such as resting, swimming and abnormal behaviours such as surface and perimeter swimming (elasmobranchs only) were recorded as well as location within the enclosure, for 10 days pre and 10 days post renovation. The Port Jackson sharks significantly reduced the performance of abnormal behaviours after renovation, and significantly increased the time spent near the exhibit front. The Southern fiddler ray increased resting post renovation, while the teleost species also spent more time near the exhibit front. Although a small sample size was used, the results suggest that a more naturalistic environment with multiple micro-habitats and effective visitor barriers allows for a greater proportion of the day spent exhibiting natural behaviours, greater space use and reduced stereotypes.

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Effects of environmental enrichment on the welfare of juvenile black rockfish Sebastes schlegelii: Growth, behavior and physiology

Cited by 38 publications

References 52 publications

Changes in Aggressive Behavior, Cortisol and Brain Monoamines during the Formation of Social Hierarchy in Black Rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii)

Changes in Aggressive Behavior, Cortisol and Brain Monoamines during the Formation of Social Hierarchy in Black Rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii)

Physical enrichment research for captive fish: Time to focus on the DETAILS

Natural Habitat Design for Zoo-Housed Elasmobranch and Teleost Fish Species Improves Behavioural Repertoire and Space Use in a Visitor Facing Exhibit

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