Effects of environmental change on scree slope development throughout the postglacial period in the Chic-Choc Mountains in the northern Gaspé Peninsula, Québec

Hétu, Bernard; Gray, Jonathan

doi:10.1016/s0169-555x(99)00103-8

Cited by 73 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…By comparing recent rock-fall and talus-accumulation rates to older post-glacial accumulations of known age, it is possible to evaluate any difference in rate of accumulation between the two time periods of interest. Generally such work has indicated that accumulation of rockfall talus occurred more rapidly immediately after deglaciation than at present (André, 1986;Luckman, 1988;Wieczorek and Jäger, 1996;André, 1997;Hétu and Gray, 2000). Wieczorek and Jäger (1996) (Augustinus, 1995a;Leith et al, 2010a,b), statistical modelling of slope evolution (Dadson and Church, 2005) The degradation of the rock mass was initiated by the development of tensile rock damage, which promoted further weakening by loss of cohesion resulting from internal deformation.…”

Section: Recent and Ongoing Failuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paraglacial rock-slope stability

2012

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Section: Recent and Ongoing Failuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paraglacial rock-slope stability

2012

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“…While the large volumes and high energies occurring with snow avalanches often limit the protective effect of stands (Bartelt and Stöckli, 2001), the small masses that are generally involved in single rockfall events (<5 m 3 ; Berger et al, 2002) allow mountain forests to absorb falling rocks (Leibundgut, 1986;Lafortune et al, 1997;Hétu and Gray, 2000). On forested slopes, both living and dead trees can stop falling rocks (Cattiau et al, 1995), whereas stems lying on the ground or root plates may act as barriers to rocks moving downslope (Mössmer et al, 1994;Schönenberger et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the protective effect of mountain forests against rockfall using a 3D simulation model

Stoffel

Wehrli

Kühne

et al. 2006

Forest Ecology and Management

101

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We used one of the few rockfall models explicitly taking trees into account and compared the results obtained with the 3D simulation model RockyFor with empirical data on tree impacts at three mountain forests in Switzerland. Even though we used model input data with different resolutions at the study sites, RockyFor accurately predicted the spatial distribution of trajectory frequencies at all sites. In contrast, RockyFor underestimated mean impact heights observed on trees at the two sites where high-and medium-resolution input data were available and overestimated them at the site where input data with the lowest resolution data were used. By comparing the results of the simulation scenarios ''current forest cover'' and ''non-forested slope'', we assessed the protective effect of the current stands at all three sites. The number of rocks reaching the bottom parts of the study sites would, on average, almost triple if the ''current forest cover'' were absent.We conclude that RockyFor is able to predict the spatial distribution of rockfall trajectories on forested slopes accurately, based on input data with a resolution of at least 5 m Â 5 m. With the increasing availability of high-resolution data, it provides a useful tool for assessing the protective effect of mountain forests against rockfall.

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“…La géli-fraction affecterait aussi les plates-formes littorales de l'île aux Coudres et de l'île d'Orléans (Champagne, 1978 ;Brodeur et Allard, 1983). Encore actifs de nos jours, les mouvements sur les versants rocheux côtiers du nord de la Gaspésie se déclenchent par la gélifraction, les processus nivéo-éoliens et les précipitations (Hétu et al, 1994 ;Hétu et Gray, 2002).…”

Section: Processus Cryogéniquesunclassified

Bilan des connaissances de la dynamique de l’érosion des côtes du Québec maritime laurentien

Bernatchez

Dubois

2006

gpq

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Un bilan des connaissances de la dynamique de l’érosion côtière dans l’estuaire et le golfe du Saint-Laurent montre que le recul du littoral dans les formations meubles est très important, variant généralement entre 0,5 et 2 m/an. Les données indiquent une accélération récente du phénomène, ce qui va dans le sens de la tendance mondiale appréhendée dans le contexte des changements climatiques. Il semble que les côtes à marais maritimes soient les plus sensibles, certains schorres supérieurs ayant déjà disparu au cours de la dernière décennie. Cela s’explique par le fait que, dans les régions froides, les marais maritimes sont affectés par un grand nombre de processus, dont le sapement par les vagues et les courants de marée, l’affouillement et l’arrachement par les glaces littorales, les processus cryogéniques, la dessiccation et les activités anthropiques et biologiques. Si l’action des vagues pendant les marées de vive eau et les tempêtes conditionne, dans une large mesure, le recul des falaises sableuses, les processus cryogéniques et hydrogéologiques sont les principaux responsables de la réactivation et de l’érosion des falaises à base argileuse et silteuse des complexes deltaïques. À l’échelle du Québec maritime, des études quantitatives saisonnières sont nécessaires pour bien comprendre la répartition spatio-temporelle des processus et surtout, les facteurs et les causes qui régissent l’érosion côtière dans les régions tempérées froides.A review of coastal erosion dynamics in the St. Lawrence maritime Estuary and Gulf demonstrates that shoreline retreat in unconsolidated formations varies between 0.5 and 2.0 m/yr. The data indicate a recent acceleration of coastal erosion that corresponds with the anticipated global trend resulting from climatic change. Saltmarshes are the most sensitive to coastal erosion, with some upper marshes having already disappeared in the last decade. In cold regions saltmarshes are affected by numerous processes such as undercutting by waves and tidal currents, ice foot scouring, freeze-thaw processes, wetting and drying processes, biologic processes and anthropogenic activities. Wave action during spring tides or storm surges is an important factor causing shoreline retreat in sandy cliffs, whereas cryogenic and hydrogeological processes are mainly responsible for reactivation and erosion of silt and clay-based cliffs in deltaic environments. In maritime Québec, quantitative seasonal studies are needed to develop a better understanding of spatio-temporal process distribution and to better assess the causes that regulate coastal erosion in mid-latitude cold regions

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Effects of environmental change on scree slope development throughout the postglacial period in the Chic-Choc Mountains in the northern Gaspé Peninsula, Québec

Cited by 73 publications

References 42 publications

Paraglacial rock-slope stability

Paraglacial rock-slope stability

Assessing the protective effect of mountain forests against rockfall using a 3D simulation model

Bilan des connaissances de la dynamique de l’érosion des côtes du Québec maritime laurentien

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