Effects of Emotional Exposure on State Anxiety after Acute Exercise

Smith, J. Carson

doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e31826d5ce5

Cited by 49 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Rimmele et al (2009) found that, compared to untrained males, elite male athletes not only showed significantly lower cortisol levels and heart rates, but also reported less state anxiety in response to psychosocial stress (i.e., public speaking). Additionally, Smith (2013) reported that PA attenuates the anxious response (i.e., state anxiety) to emotional stimuli (arousing pleasant/unpleasant/neutral images), which further suggests that PA may help people to better endure or manage daily anxieties and stressors.…”

Section: A C C E P T E D Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Similarly, habitual PA appears to protect rodents against negative behavioral consequences of stress that resemble human anxiety or depression symptoms (e.g., social avoidance, exaggerated conditioned fear, and interference with instrumental learning) (Greenwood & Fleshner, 2011, 2013. In essence, the non-human literature suggests that habitual PA increases physiological and behavioral resilience to stressors, which may help prevent stress-related mental health problems.…”

Section: A C C E P T E D Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physical activity and stress resilience: Considering those at-risk for developing mental health problems

Hegberg

Tone

2015

Mental Health and Physical Activity

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Section: A C C E P T E D Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: A C C E P T E D Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical activity and stress resilience: Considering those at-risk for developing mental health problems

Hegberg

Tone

2015

Mental Health and Physical Activity

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“…Each slide show comprised 15 provocative near-nude female images, and 30 International Affective Picture System (IAPS) images (15 positive valence, 15 negative valence), and were viewed under standardized, private, and relaxed conditions. The order of images within each slide show was pseudo-random such that two photos from the same category (provocative near-nudes, positive and negative) could be viewed consecutively (Smith, 2012). Immediately after each picture was viewed, the participant used the SAM to rate their valence and arousal experienced whilst viewing the picture.…”

Section: Libidomentioning

confidence: 99%

Short‐term resource allocation during extensive athletic competition

Longman

Prall

Shattuck

et al. 2017

American J Hum Biol

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ObjectivesFollowing predictions from life history theory, we sought to identify acute trade‐offs between reproductive effort (as measured by psychological arousal) and somatic maintenance (via functional measures of innate immunity) during conditions of severe energetic imbalance.MethodsSixty‐six male ultramarathon runners (ages 20 to 37 years) were sampled before and after a lengthy race. Saliva and sera were collected for testosterone and immunological analyses (hemolytic complement activity and bacterial killing ability). Lean body mass was assessed by bioelectrical impedance, and libido was measured using a slideshow of arousing and neutral images.ResultsFollowing predictions, there was a significant decrease in salivary testosterone levels (109.59 pg/mL versus 97.61 pg/mL, P < .001) and arousal scores in response to provocative images (5.40 versus 4.89, P = .001) between prerace and postrace time points. Additionally, participant bacterial killing ability (P = .035) and hemolytic complement activity (P = .021) increased between prerace and postrace.ConclusionsDecreased libido and testosterone with concomitant heightened innate immune responses suggest a shift in energetic priorities away from reproduction and toward maintenance/defense during a period of energetic stress.

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“…To date, there has been limited research examining the effect of single bouts of exercise on acute mood symptoms in people with MS, although there is a large body of research examining single bouts of exercise (eg, cycling, walking, resistance training, or aqua aerobics) [10][11][12][13] on acute mood symptoms in the general population. 14 We are aware of one study 15 that examined changes in total mood disturbance (TMD; higher scores indicate worse mood) on the Profile of Mood States (POMS) questionnaire after a single session of cycling exercise in women with MS. That study reported significant reductions in TMD scores 20 and 60 minutes after the single session of cycling exercise.…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Single Bouts of Walking Exercise and Yoga on Acute Mood Symptoms in People with Multiple Sclerosis

Ensari¹,

Sandroff²,

Motl³

2016

International Journal of MS Care

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Background: Little is known about the acute or immediate effects of walking exercise and yoga on mood in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Such an examination is important for identifying an exercise modality for inclusion in exercise-training interventions that yields mood benefits in MS. We examined the effects of single bouts of treadmill walking and yoga compared with a quiet, seated-rest control condition on acute mood symptoms in MS. Methods: Twenty-four participants with MS completed 20 minutes of treadmill walking, yoga, or quiet rest in a randomized, counterbalanced order with 1 week between sessions. Participants completed the Profile of Mood States questionnaire before and immediately after each condition. Total mood disturbance (TMD) and the six subscales of the Profile of Mood States were analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance and paired-samples t tests. Results: There was a significant condition × time interaction on TMD scores (ηp2 = 0.13). Walking and yoga conditions yielded comparable reductions in TMD scores. There was a significant condition × time interaction on vigor (ηp2 = 0.23) whereby walking but not yoga yielded an improvement in vigor. There was a significant main effect of time on anger, confusion, depression, and tension (P < .05) but not on fatigue. Conclusions: Walking and yoga yielded similar improvements in overall acute mood symptoms, and walking improved feelings of vigor. These effects should be further investigated in long-term exercise-training studies.

show abstract

Effects of Emotional Exposure on State Anxiety after Acute Exercise

Abstract: These findings suggest that the anxiolytic effects of acute exercise may be resistant to the potentially detrimental effects on mood after exposure to arousing emotional stimuli.

Cited by 49 publications

References 33 publications

Physical activity and stress resilience: Considering those at-risk for developing mental health problems

Physical activity and stress resilience: Considering those at-risk for developing mental health problems

Short‐term resource allocation during extensive athletic competition

Effects of Single Bouts of Walking Exercise and Yoga on Acute Mood Symptoms in People with Multiple Sclerosis

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