Effects of embryonic exposure to α-lipoic acid or ascorbic acid on hatching rate and development of zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Abstract

This study investigates the e¡ects of embryonic exposure to two di¡erent antioxidants on growth and development in ¢sh. Zebra¢sh (Danio rerio) embryos (100 per group) were exposed to lipoic acid (LA, 61 2 mM) or ascorbic acid (AA, 100^200 mM) and the hatching rate, standard lengths (SL) at hatching, development and growth post-hatching monitored. The SLs at hatching were increased (Po0.05) in both antioxidant-exposed groups relative to the controls, with no e¡ect on yolk reserves. This enhanced development persisted up to 15 days post hatching. At hatching, cell proliferation rates (Po0.0005) and basic ¢broblast growth factor (Po0.001), were greater in the antioxidant-exposed ¢sh than in the controls (0 mM antioxidant); no oxidative DNA damage was detected (P40.05). Activity of the endogenous antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase was greater (Po0.001) in LA-treated ¢sh than in the controls. The results suggest that embryonic treatment of zeb-ra¢sh with LA or AA during embryogenesis enhanced cell proliferation, leading to increased somatic growth in the larval stages, persisting into the juvenile stage. The ¢ndings support the treatment of embryonic ¢sh with antioxidants for enhanced results in aquaculture.

Effect of Treating Eggs with Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on Growth Variables, Histomorphometry, and Antioxidant Capacity in Red Tilapia (Oreochromis aureus × Oreochromis mossambicus) Larvae

“…Substantial mortality rates (more than 99 percent until maturity) thwart the production of fish larvae in the early stages, which could be caused by pathogens or environmental causes [ 10 , 11 ]. One of the most effective practices to obtain good-quality larvae is to treat embryos or fertilize eggs [ 32 ]. Eco-friendly natural techniques have drawn researchers’ interest as viable and effective alternatives to antibiotics [ 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ].…”

“…Results of hatchability rate (%) and yolk-sac diameter (depth and width, mm) of red tilapia larvae ( Table 1 ) show no alteration in response to CoQ10 exposure, which reflects no alterations in the integrity of eggs or the development of embryos under the conditions of the trial. Previous studies indicate a change in hatching rate with the addition of antioxidants manifesting both positively [ 32 ] and negatively [ 40 ]. The difference in the results may be attributed to the difference in the experiment factors, such as the type and concentration of the antioxidant used and the quality of water.…”

Enhanced Antioxidant Effects of the Anti-Inflammatory Compound Probucol When Released from Mesoporous Silica Particles

“…As a potent water-soluble antioxidant, ascorbic acid can neutralize a range of ROS and RNS present in biological media and can restore the antioxidant activity of other compounds and enzymes in vivo [ 98 , 99 ]. Exposure of freshly fertilized zebrafish embryos to ascorbic acid at 100–200 µM has been shown to promote embryo development and fish growth and to reduce ROS DNA damage and the hatching rate [ 100 ]. A high concentration of ascorbic acid is likely required to achieve and maintain high levels of intracellular ascorbate levels required to quench ROS during oxidative stress.…”

Size- and Oxidation-Dependent Toxicity of Graphene Oxide Nanomaterials in Embryonic Zebrafish

“…Initially, the toxicity of ascorbic acid (AA) was determined using 6 hpf embryos; previous studies showed that the maximum tolerated concentration of AA was ≤250 μM (exposures started at 3 hpf), 180–360 μM (exposures started at 4 hpf), or 100–200 μM (exposures started at 0 hpf) [ 29 , 30 , 31 ]. We determined that the maximum tolerated concentration for dechorionated embryos was 100 μM only for 1 h post-exposure.…”