Effects of electron irradiation, sodium hydroxide and poly ethylene glycol on the utilization of pistachio by-products by Zandi male lambs

Moradi, Masoud; Behgar, M.; Afzalzadeh, A.; Norouzian, M. A.

doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2015.04.010

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…Reduction in NDF and ADF content of CM upon gamma irradiation agrees with previous findings in a variety of agricultural by-products (Akbarian et al, 2014;Nayefi et al, 2014;Moradi et al, 2015) when exposed to both gamma and electron beam irradiation. According to Akbarian et al (2014), irradiation disrupts hemicellulose and releases cell wall-bound protein, which would otherwise be insoluble in neutral detergent solution used in the determination of NDF.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…These scholars reported a decrease in the a fraction and an increase in the b fraction of canola meal, cotton seed meal, and sunflower meal dry matter. However, Moradi et al (2015) reported an increase in the a and b fractions of pistachio by-product dry matter. An increase in the a fraction reported in the current study could be ascribed to reduced NDF content of irradiated CM (Moradi et al, 2015), which may have resulted in faster rumen degradability of the substrate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…According to Akbarian et al (2014), irradiation disrupts hemicellulose and releases cell wall-bound protein, which would otherwise be insoluble in neutral detergent solution used in the determination of NDF. Changes in fibre due to irradiation have also been associated with a decrease in non-starch polysaccharide content caused by the cleavage of glycosidic bonds, leading to the formation of sugars such as glucose and maltose (Moradi et al, 2015). The observed increase in N concentration in gamma-irradiated CM could simply be due to the reduction in moisture content.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While some studies have reported no changes in chemical composition of irradiated protein sources (Shawrang et al, 2007;Ebrahimi et al, 2009;Ebrahimi-Mahmoudabad & Taghinejad-Roudbaneh, 2010;Anwar, 2015), others have reported higher DM (Akbarian et al, 2014), lower NDF content, and reduced nitrogen degradation by rumen microbes (Ghanbari et al, 2012). These changes are attributed to radiolysis of the water content of the protein source (Hamza et al, 2012), reduced protein solubility, disruption of hemicellulose and cell wall-associated true protein (Akbarian et al, 2014), and a decrease in non-starch polysaccharides caused by cleavage of glycosidic bonds (Moradi et al, 2015). The discordance in reported effects of irradiation on chemical and biophysical properties of proteins is mostly due to variation in applied doses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In vitro ruminal fermentation parameters of canola meal protein in response to incremental doses of gamma irradiation

Sekali¹,

Mlambo²,

Marume³

et al. 2023

SA J. An. Sci.

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Rapid ruminal degradation of canola meal (CM) limits its feed value for high-producing ruminants. Attempts to reduce ruminal degradability of CM through gamma irradiation have generated conflicting results. While this strategy has the potential to reduce CM degradability, the optimal radiation dose is unknown for this valuable co-product. Therefore, this in vitro ruminal fermentation study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of gamma irradiation to protect CM protein from ruminal degradation. Canola meal was irradiated at 0 (CM0), 15 (CM15), 30 (CM30), 45 (CM45), 60 (CM65), 75 (CM75), and 90 kGy (CM90). Irradiated CM was then analysed for proximate composition and incubated with rumen fluid to determine in vitro degradability of dry matter (DMD) and nitrogen (ND). The data were evaluated for linear and quadratic effects using response surface regression analysis. Neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre linearly decreased as irradiation dosage increased. Quadratic responses were observed for total nitrogen (N) content, DMD12, and DMD36 in response to increasing irradiation dosage. Gamma irradiation linearly increased the rapidly soluble fraction (a) and effective degradability (ED) of dry matter. There were no irradiation effects on ND12, ND36, ND48, fractional rate constant (c), and potential degradability, but significant quadratic trends were observed for ND24, a, slowly degradable fraction (b), and ED of N. It was concluded that although gamma irradiation altered the chemical composition of CM, it was not an effective method to protect CM from extensive ruminal degradation

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

In vitro ruminal fermentation parameters of canola meal protein in response to incremental doses of gamma irradiation

Sekali¹,

Mlambo²,

Marume³

et al. 2023

SA J. An. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Shakeri et al (2014) substituted corn silage by PBM silage (6% or 12% on DM basis) in diets of calves with no adverse consequences on digestibilities and ruminal fermentation parameters. Treating dry PBM by polyethylene glycol improved DM and CP digestibility (Moradi et al, 2015b).…”

Section: Chemical Composition and Digestibilitymentioning

confidence: 98%

PISTACHIO (Pistacia vera) BY-PRODUCTS AS RUMINANT FEED: A REVIEW ON PRODUCTION, MANAGEMENT AND UTILIZATION IN ARID AND SEMI-ARID AREAS IN THE MIDDLE EAST

Alkhtib¹,

Wamatu²,

Kaysi³

et al. 2017

JEBAS

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This review presents recent knowledge of the inclusion of pistachio by-products in diets of ruminants. Pistachio harvesting and processing result in considerable amounts of by-products which include hulls (the outer cover of fruit), woody shells (mesocarp), blank fruits, clusters (sometimes referred as twigs) and leaves. The by-products can be preserved by natural drying or ensilaging. This review evaluates pistachio by-products in terms of chemical composition, nutritive value and their effects on ruminant performance and product quality. Their nutritive value is affected by factors which include type of byproduct, pistachio variety, harvesting time and preservation method. Pistachio by-products can use as a source of protein and energy in ruminant feeding to support maintenance and production of meat, milk, wood and hair. Their replacement value in diets of growing, fattening and lactating ruminants ranges between 21-35%.The replacement values of silage from pistachio by-products ranges between 15-24%. However, the presence of high levels of copper and phenolic compounds in pistachio by-products may restrict their inclusion in high proportions into ruminant diets. There is need for more research on the inactivation of phenolic compounds in pistachio by-products so that they can be fed to ruminants in larger proportions. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effects of pistachio by-products on production and reproduction performance of ruminants as well as product quality. The presence of pesticides, fungicides and phenolic compounds in pistachio by-products necessitate identifying the effect of long term feeding on livestock health.

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Effects of gamma and electron radiation on chemical composition and some phyto-chemical properties of whole flaxseed

Moghadam

Rezaei

Behgar³

et al. 2019

J Radioanal Nucl Chem

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Effects of electron irradiation, sodium hydroxide and poly ethylene glycol on the utilization of pistachio by-products by Zandi male lambs

Cited by 6 publications

References 32 publications

In vitro ruminal fermentation parameters of canola meal protein in response to incremental doses of gamma irradiation

In vitro ruminal fermentation parameters of canola meal protein in response to incremental doses of gamma irradiation

PISTACHIO (Pistacia vera) BY-PRODUCTS AS RUMINANT FEED: A REVIEW ON PRODUCTION, MANAGEMENT AND UTILIZATION IN ARID AND SEMI-ARID AREAS IN THE MIDDLE EAST

Effects of gamma and electron radiation on chemical composition and some phyto-chemical properties of whole flaxseed

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