Effects of Electrode Length on Capacitively Coupled External Electrode Fluorescent Lamps

Abstract

We extend our previous formulation of low-energy QCD in terms of an effective lagrangean containing operators of dimensionality d ≤ 6 constructed with pseudoscalars and quark fields, describing physics below the scale of chiral symmetry breaking. We include in this paper the vector and axial-vector channels. We follow closely the Extended Chiral Quark Model approach and consistently work in the large-N c and leading log approximation and take into account the constraints from chiral symmetry and chiral symmetry restoration. The optimal fit of all parameters gives further support to a heavy scalar meson with a mass ∼ 1 GeV and a value of the axial pion-quark coupling constant g A 0.55 to 0.66, depending on some assumptions concerning the Weinberg sum rules.

Spatiotemporal Behavior of Excited Xenon-Atom Density in Accordance With Xenon Mole Fraction to Neon in Alternating-Current Plasma Display Panels by Laser-Absorption Spectroscopy

“…IR probe beam is split into two directions by beam splitter. The first beam is sent into a Xe reference tube made of external electrode fluorescent lamp (EEFL) [16], which is used to monitor the maximum absorption wavelength during absorption processes. The EEFL Xe reference tube is filled with pure Xe gas of 0.7 torr.…”

Measurement of excited Xe atoms density in alternating current plasma display panel by means of laser absorption spectroscopy

“…IR Probe beam from the external cavity is splitted into two directions by the first beam splitter. One of which is brought into a Xe reference tube made of external electrode fluorescent tube (EEFL) [4], [5], which is used to monitor the laser's frequency during absorption processes. The EEFL Xe reference tube has advantage of long life time and stabilization of frequency tuning for absorption observation rather than the conventional direct current (dc)-discharge reference tube.…”

Plasma Wave Propagation with Light Emission in a Long Positive Column Discharge

“…The fine-tube cold cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL) [1][2] and external electrode fluorescent lamp (EEFL) [3][4][5][6][7][8][9], have been widely used as a backlight source in liquid crystal display (LCD) modules. In a notebook PC, the glass tube diameter of the lamp is a small as 1 mm.…”