Effects of distance from canal and degradation history on peat bulk density in a degraded tropical peatland

Sinclair, Amanda L.; Graham, Laura L. B.; Putra, Erianto Indra; Saharjo, Bambang Hero; Applegate, G.; Grover, Samantha; Cochrane, Mark A.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134199

Cited by 74 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…This is particularly so, given that water tables at Forested, a near natural site, did not conform to the 40 cm limit. Moreover, Sinclair et al (2020) reported water‐table depths deeper than 40 cm in a relatively undisturbed tropical peatland site (Table 2). While human‐induced actions in lowering peatland water level exacerbate fire risk (Evers et al, 2017; Wijedasa et al, 2017), further research is required to understand natural system water‐table variability for forested tropical peatlands.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The effects of ditch dams on water‐level dynamics in tropical peatlands

Putra

Holden

Baird

2021

Hydrological Processes

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A significant proportion of tropical peatlands has been drained for agricultural purposes, resulting in severe degradation. Hydrological restoration, which usually involves blocking ditches, is therefore a priority. Nevertheless, the influence of ditch blocking on tropical peatland hydrological functioning is still poorly understood. We studied water-level dynamics using a combination of automated and manual dipwells, and also meteorological data during dry and wet seasons over 6 months at three locations in Sebangau National Park, Kalimantan, Indonesia. The locations were a forested peatland (Forested), a drained peatland with ditch dams (Blocked), and a drained peatland without ditch dams (Drained). In the dry season, water tables at all sites were deeper than the Indonesian regulatory requirement of 40 cm from the peat surface. In the dry season, the ditches were dry and water did not flow to them.The dry season water-table drawdown ratessolely due to evapotranspirationwere 9.3 mm day À1 at Forested, 9.6 mm day À1 at Blocked, but 12.7 mm day À1 at Drained. In the wet season, the proportion of time during which water tables in the wells were deeper than the 40 cm limit ranged between 16% and 87% at Forested, 0% at Blocked, and between 0% and 38% at Drained. In the wet season, water flowed from the peatland to ditches at Blocked and Drained. The interquartile range of hydraulic gradients between the lowest ditch outlet and the farthest well from ditches at Blocked was 3.7 Â 10 À4 to 7.8 Â 10 À4 m m À1 , but 1.9 Â 10 À3 to 2.6 Â 10 À3 m m À1 at Drained. Given the results from Forested, a water-table depth limit policy based on field data may be required, to reflect natural seasonal dynamics in tropical peatlands. Revised spatial designs of dams or bunds are also required, to ensure effective water-table management as part of tropical peatland restoration.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The effects of ditch dams on water‐level dynamics in tropical peatlands

Putra

Holden

Baird

2021

Hydrological Processes

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“…For example, non‐drainage disturbances to peatlands include deforestation, use of fire to clear land, and conversion for agricultural use (Dohong et al., 2017). These disturbances, independent of drainage, may in turn cause secondary impacts to ecohydrological variables, such as water table depth (Hirano et al., 2009), soil physical properties such as bulk density, pore structure, and hydraulic conductivity (Kurnianto et al., 2018; Sinclair et al., 2020; Wells et al., 2016). They can also impact evapotranspiration due to shifts in photosynthetic rates and rooting depth (Hirano et al., 2015; Manoli et al., 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although drainage density and distance to canals have an inverse relationship ( Figure S4), it is not exactly one-to-one, depending on the details of the canal geometry in a given location. Furthermore, distance to canals is a potentially more informative predictor of subsidence (relative to drainage density alone), since it is expected to more closely match the effect of canals on nearby water table depths than drainage density alone (Sinclair et al, 2020). Thus, we chose to include both drainage metrics in the model.…”

Section: Subsidence Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drainage Canals in Southeast Asian Peatlands Increase Carbon Emissions

et al. 2021

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In these wetland environments, persistent flooding and anoxic conditions suppress decomposition rates, allowing organic material to accumulate over time in deep peat deposits. This process, compounded over millennia, has made Southeast Asian (SEA) peatlands one of the world's largest terrestrial pools of organic carbon: an estimated 67 Gt of carbon are stored in peatlands in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Brunei (Page et al., 2011; Warren et al., 2017). In recent decades, this carbon sink has been

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“…Conversely, if the diversity and composition of forest stands are damaged, the ecosystem condition is less stable. Peat forest areas where the ecosystem experiences deforestation and degradation have a significant impact on the surrounding environmental conditions and is prone to land fires in the dry season [5]- [10]. The disturbance on the peat swamp forest ecosystem is a factor that causes changes to the diversity of plant species and the composition that grows in them.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition And Diversity Of Plant Species In The Two Types Of Land Cover Of Natural Laboratory Of Hampangen Educational Forest

Sosilawaty

Hastari

Siregar

2021

International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering

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Forests are natural resources that contribute to sustaining life support systems. The purpose of this study was to determine the composition and diversity of plant species in the Hampangen Educational Forest Nature Laboratory with the object of research on plant species diversity at growth rates of seedlings, poles, saplings, and trees in the observation plots of secondary swamp forest and swamp scrub. The research was conducted using a combination technique of paths and checkered lines in each of the 30 measurement plots in the two types of observation land. The results showed 52 types of plants found in all types of research land—a total of 42 species in secondary swamp forest and 26 species in scrublands. The types of plants that occupy the highest IVI at all growth levels are Akasia, Jambu-jambu, and Meranti. The Diversity Index of plant species in the study area on both land types was classified as moderate, namely in the range 1,871 - 2,968. The evenness index value (E) of plants in the land cover type of secondary swamp forest and swamp scrub was classified as high in the range of 0.753 - 0.849. The Species Richness Index (R) value of the secondary swamp forest land cover type is classified as high, whereas the swamp scrub land cover type is classified as low, while the average species similarity index in the two land cover types is low.

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Effects of distance from canal and degradation history on peat bulk density in a degraded tropical peatland

Cited by 74 publications

References 47 publications

The effects of ditch dams on water‐level dynamics in tropical peatlands

The effects of ditch dams on water‐level dynamics in tropical peatlands

Drainage Canals in Southeast Asian Peatlands Increase Carbon Emissions

Composition And Diversity Of Plant Species In The Two Types Of Land Cover Of Natural Laboratory Of Hampangen Educational Forest

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