Effects of different limb movements on physiological cost and efficiency

Shiomi, Taizo; Kurosawa, Kazuo; Okai, Osamu; Nakayama, Akihiro; Maruyama, Hitoshi

doi:10.5100/jje.29.supplement_536

Cited by 13 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…Such observations are in agreement with data produced by simple mathematical models of optimal bipedal gait [25][26]. This cost-effective strategy has been demonstrated for nondisabled subjects who were walking [27], running [28], climbing stairs [29], and walking in sand [15]. Apparently, energy-sparing strategies are also adopted by hemiplegics [30] and amputees [31][32].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Influence of terrain on metabolic and temporal gait characteristics of unilateral transtibial amputees

Paysant¹,

Beyaert²,

Datié³

et al. 2006

JRRD

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Abstract-The difficulties confronted by amputees during overground walking are rarely investigated. In this study, we evaluated, in real-world situations, the influence of ground surface on walking in young, active amputees by measuring temporal and spatial gait parameters (free walking speed [FWS], step length [SL], step rate), energy expenditure (EE) (e.g., oxygen uptake, oxygen cost [O 2 C]), and Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE). Ten active transtibial amputees and ten nondisabled control subjects walked at self-selected speeds on three types of ground surface (asphalt, mown lawn, and high grass). No significant differences were observed between the two groups on asphalt and mown lawn. Differences between nondisabled subjects and amputees occurred for FWS (p = 0.03) and O 2 C (p = 0.04) on asphalt and mown lawn and for all variables in high grass. When amputees (even though very active) were exposed to a particularly difficult environment, their FWS decreased (p = 0.008) and their EE and RPE increased (p = 0.005) compared with nondisabled subjects. In high grass, both groups reduced their self-selected speeds (-15% for control subjects and -16% for amputees). Control subjects reduced their velocity by reducing both SL (-8.7%) and cadence (-7.1%), whereas amputees reduced their velocity by reducing SL (-17%) only.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Influence of terrain on metabolic and temporal gait characteristics of unilateral transtibial amputees

Paysant¹,

Beyaert²,

Datié³

et al. 2006

JRRD

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“…This finding suggests that stair ascent is inherently more stable than stair descent. Considering the consequences of falls during stair descent and the self-reported difficulty with stair descent [5,6,22] this is an important finding since, compared to ascent, stair descent requires more neuromuscular control from the supporting limb to control lowering body to the next step [23]. Furthermore, it has been reported that older adults experience greater hip and pelvis motion in the frontal plane during stair descent [11,24] suggesting that greater stabilization is needed to compensate for these movements compared to stair ascent [25], a finding supported by others [20,26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, alternate gait patterns [use of handrail and/or alternate stepping patterns] adopted by older adults during stair ambulation tend to deviate from the traditional stepover-step (SOS) pattern used by young, healthy individuals. These deviations in stair gait patterns result in higher energy costs and lower efficiency particularly during stair descent [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between stair ambulation with and without a handrail and centre of pressure velocities during stair ascent and descent

et al. 2011

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“…Stair ascent stresses the cardiorespiratory system to a greater extent than level walking, increasing heart rate and respiratory measures [13]. Stairs therefore also have the benefit of being able to measure multiple systems and highlight the limiting factor(s) between the musculoskeletal, neurological, and cardiorespiratory systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic review of timed stair tests

Nightingale

Pourkazemi²,

Hiller³

2014

J Rehabil Res Dev

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Abstract-Functional testing is particularly useful in the clinic and for making research translatable; however, finding measures relevant across ages and different conditions can be difficult. A systematic review was conducted to investigate timed stair tests as an objective measure of functional abilities and musculoskeletal integrity. Data were analyzed for their ability to differentiate between controls and patient groups and between different patient groups. Literature was reviewed using the Medline, CINAHL, and PubMed databases until February 2012. Data were grouped according to methodology, ages, and medical conditions. Time per step was calculated to allow comparison between studies. Eighty-eight studies were included in this review. Methodologies varied considerably with stair ascent, stair descent, or a combination of the two being used across a wide range of ages and medical conditions. Times increased with age for ascent, descent, and combined and for a variety of medical problems. Timed stair tests appear to be sensitive to medical conditions but further data are required to obtain normative values for this test. We suggest that timed stair tests should follow a more standardized methodology using a combination of ascent and descent and asking participants to complete the stairs as quickly and safely as possible.

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Effects of different limb movements on physiological cost and efficiency

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Influence of terrain on metabolic and temporal gait characteristics of unilateral transtibial amputees

Influence of terrain on metabolic and temporal gait characteristics of unilateral transtibial amputees

Relationship between stair ambulation with and without a handrail and centre of pressure velocities during stair ascent and descent

Systematic review of timed stair tests

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