“…In contrast, the amplified femtosecond laser can generate a single pulse with enough power (20,000 times higher than that of Ti:sapphire laser) to ablate targeted cells without the need of continuous illumination(Krüger and Kautek, 2012; Strickland and Mourou, 1985). Previous studies have used such amplified femtosecond laser to cut the axons of worms(Bourgeois and Ben-Yakar, 2008; Chung and Mazur, 2009; Gabel et al, 2008; Guo et al, 2008; Morris et al, 2013; Wu et al, 2007; Yanik et al, 2004), ablate cells in cultures(Hamad, 2016)(Watanabe et al, 2004)and brain slices(Tsai et al, 2009), and model stroke by occluding cerebral vessels in vivo (Blinder et al, 2012; Nishimura et al, 2007, 2006; Tsai et al, 2003). However, it has not been used for ablating individual cells in the brain in a spatia-temporal controlled manner.…”