Effects of different circuit training protocols on body mass, fat mass and blood parameters in overweight adults

Abstract

Benefits of exercise are known for a long time, but mechanisms underlying the exercise mode recommendations for specific chronic cardiovascular diseases remain unclear. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of different circuit training protocols in order to determine which is the best for weight loss and for specific overweight-related disorders. Forty-five female sedentary overweight participants from 20 to 50 years (average 31.8±11.2) were enrolled and assigned to three different groups; each group was compared with a control normal-weight group. Three different circuit protocols were randomly assigned to each overweight group: aerobictone-aerobic (ATA), aerobic-circuit-aerobic (ACA) and mini-trampoline circuit (MTC), while control group performed a classic circuit weight training (CWT). Every group trained three times per week, for 12 weeks. The results show that ATA group reduced body fat and total body mass more than other groups (P<0.001; P=0.007). ACA group reduced total body mass in significant statistical way (P=0.032), as well as body fat (P<0.001) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P=0.013). In MTC group there was a significant reduction in every parameter we analyzed (total body mass, body fat and lipid profile: P<0.001). CWT group has shown a significant loss only in body fat (P<0.001). Every circuit protocol is optimal for reducing body fat and total body mass: however, MTC protocol has shown the best results on lipid profile. IntroductionMany of the biochemical and physiological adaptations that follow physical activity occur in response to an increased energy demand in muscle cells that can be modifies with intensity, duration of work and rest intervals.The aforesaid adaptations, which are both cellular and systemic, are specific to the type of training performed, for example, endurance or strength; though, the reasons behind the recommendations on how training programs can be used for specific health benefits remain unclear.In the past, many guidelines have focused on resistance training or aerobic training to facilitate weight loss or weight maintenance, but recently it has been suggested that resistance training can also be effective for reducing fat mass, 1,2 although the literature in this regard is still rather hazy.Some researchers have suggested that a circuit training composed of endurance and resistance training it may be preferred to one focused only on a single mode of exercise. [3][4][5] Both resistance training and aerobic training are prescribed for sedentary and obese subject, because they promote an improvement of blood pressure and heart rate, body composition, biochemical markers (insulin, glucose, cholesterol, etc.), as well as strenght and aerobic capacity. [6][7][8] A type of combinated-training is the circuit training (CT), which includes both multi-joint resistance training and aerobic exercise. The proportion of the two types of training is established and bodyweight exercises or with small tools keep high heart rate. The training session include...

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