Effects of dietary trans n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on the rat electroretinogram

Chardigny, Jean‐Michel; Bonhomme, Brigitte; Sébédio, Jean‐Louis; Juanéda, Pierre; Vatèle, Jean‐Michel; Doly, M.; Grandgirard, A.

doi:10.1016/s0271-5317(98)00145-6

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In rats deprived from n-3 PUFA from 2 generations, the main finding concerning the retinal function was the decreased ERG a-wave and b-wave amplitudes. We already demonstrated that the isomerization of dietary α-linolenic acid decreased the ERG b-wave amplitude in rats [26,44]. Considering the typical pattern of retinal fatty acids (as described above), the defects observed here in the retinal function may be mainly the consequence of the decreased dietary intake of cis α-linolenic acid and subsequently the lack of cis DHA.…”

Section: Retinal Phospholipidssupporting

confidence: 69%

“…trans isomers of EPA and trans isomers of DHA and can be incorporated into neuronal tissues [25][26][27]33]. The incorporation of trans DHA was noticeable in the retina since it could represent 1.2% of total fatty acids (4.4% of total DHA).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a consequence, trans PUFA such as trans isomers of α-linolenic acid (18:3 n-3) can be found in dietary oils [19][20][21] and various food products [22,23]. After dietary ingestion, trans isomers of α-linolenic acid are converted into longer-chain trans PUFA by following the same elongation and desaturation enzymatic pathways as their natural isomer cis α-linolenic acid [24,25] By these mechanisms, trans isomers of DHA could be detected in cerebral and retinal lipids of rodents who consumed a diet in which a part of α-linolenic acid was isomerized into trans isomers [25][26][27]. In addition to the formation of trans α-linolenic acid, a second consequence of the geometrical isomerization of cis α-linolenic acid in vegetable oils is the decrease of the bioavailability of cis α-linolenic acid itself.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The retina is more susceptible than the brain and the liver to the incorporation oftransisomers of DHA in rats consumingtransisomers of alpha-linolenic acid

et al. 2006

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-Trans polyunsaturated fatty acids are formed during heat treatments of vegetable oils from polyunsaturated fatty acids containing cis double bonds. After dietary intake, they are distributed in the body and are incorporated into nervous tissues including the retina. Since nervous tissues are known to be rich in n-3 fatty acids such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), we studied the ability of the retina and the brain to incorporate trans isomers of DHA formed in vivo from the dietary precursor trans α-linolenic acid. Wistar rats were fed with trans isomers of α-linolenic acid for 21 months. A linear incorporation of trans DHA and a decrease in cis DHA was observed in the retina, whereas no major changes were observed in the brain. In parallel to the modifications in retinal cis and trans DHA levels, the retinal functionality evaluated by the electroretinogram showed defects in animals that consumed trans α-linolenic acid. These results suggest that the mechanisms leading to the incorporation of cis and trans fatty acids are quite different in the retina when compared to the brain and the liver, the retina being more susceptible to changes in the dietary lipid contribution.dietary trans polyunsaturated fatty acids / rat / retina / cerebral cortex / electroretinography

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Section: Retinal Phospholipidssupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The retina is more susceptible than the brain and the liver to the incorporation oftransisomers of DHA in rats consumingtransisomers of alpha-linolenic acid

et al. 2006

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“…Thirty-two Golden Syrian five week old hamsters (Charles River, L'Arbresle, France) were used. During a pre-experimental period of a week, all animals received a purified diet [11] containing 5% in weight of soybean oil. Four groups of 8 animals weighing 61.9 ± 4.7 g were then fed during 2 weeks with the experimental diets.…”

Section: Animals and Dietsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporation of oxyphytosterols in tissues of hamster

et al. 2004

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-Oxyphytosterols (OPS) were fed to hamsters, at different concentrations, in order to observe their eventual incorporation into plasma, aorta, liver, kidneys and heart. The animals receiving the very high level (2500 ppm) presented 7β-hydroxycampesterol, β-epoxycampesterol, campestanetriol, 7-ketocampesterol, 7β-hydroxysitosterol, β-epoxysitosterol, sitostanetriol and 7-ketositosterol in all tissues. The same compounds were observed in the tissues of animals receiving 500 ppm of OPS in their diet, but with much lower levels. In hamsters fed 100 ppm of OPS, as well as in control animals, in most cases, the only observed OPS was sitostanetriol, which seems to be difficult to eliminate from the animal.oxyphytosterol / sitostanetriol / phytosterol / plasma / aorta / liver / kidneys / heart

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“…However, it still remains unclear whether these unusual 20:4 isomers can be precursors of uncommon eicosanoids and exert physiological effect despite being quantitatively minor (18). However, a trans isomer of 22:6n-3 derived from a mono trans isomer of linolenic acid (18:3n-3) via desaturation and elongation system has been found to incorporate into the retina of rats (30) and consequently alter the electroretinography (31).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory effect of linoleic acid on chain elongation and desaturation of 18∶2 c,t isomers in lactating and neonatal rats

Kwan

Wang

Chan

et al. 1998

Lipids

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The previous studies showed that dietary 18:2 c,t isomers could be chain-elongated and desaturated to produce unusual 20:4 isomers. The present study was undertaken to determine the minimal amount of 18:2n-6 required to suppress the chain elongation and desaturation of 18:2 c,t isomers in the lactating and neonatal rats when animals were fed 15% partially hydrogenated canola oil diet containing 1.72% energy as 18:2 c,t isomers and varying amounts of free 18:2n-6. These diets induced marginal essential fatty acid (EFA) deficiency states (0.56% energy 18:2n-6) to EFA adequacy (2.56% energy 18:2n-6). After feeding for 50 d, the female animals were mated with males by overnight pairing. After conception, the lactating rats were killed, together with one pup from each dam, at term and day 26 of lactation. Two unusual 20:4 isomers in both maternal and neonatal liver phospholipids were identified as 20:4delta5c,8c,11c,14t and 20:4delta5c,8c,11c,15t, which were derived from 18:2delta9c,12t and 18:2delta9c,13t, respectively. The results showed that 18:2n-6 at about 2.0% of total energy in maternal diet was required to block the production of 20:4delta5c,8c,11c,14t and 20:4delta5c,8c,11c,15t in the maternal liver, whereas 18:2n-6 at about 2.5% of total energy in maternal diet was required to suppress production of these unusual 20:4 isomers in the neonatal liver.

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Effects of dietary trans n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on the rat electroretinogram

Cited by 12 publications

References 32 publications

The retina is more susceptible than the brain and the liver to the incorporation oftransisomers of DHA in rats consumingtransisomers of alpha-linolenic acid

The retina is more susceptible than the brain and the liver to the incorporation oftransisomers of DHA in rats consumingtransisomers of alpha-linolenic acid

Incorporation of oxyphytosterols in tissues of hamster

Inhibitory effect of linoleic acid on chain elongation and desaturation of 18∶2 c,t isomers in lactating and neonatal rats

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