Effects of dietary protein and cellulose levels on growth performance, antioxidant status, immune response and inflammation in juvenile yellow catfish ( Pelteobagrus fulvidraco )

Abstract

In this study, nine experimental diets were formulated to contain three graded levels of protein (40, 45 and 50% of dry diet) and three graded levels of cellulose (0, 5 and 10% of dry diet). These diets were then fed in triplicate to yellow catfish for 90 days. We found that fish fed diets containing 45% and 50% protein had more weight gain than did fish fed a 40% protein diet, while fish fed diets supplemented with 5% cellulose achieved the greatest weight gain and the lower feed conversion ratio. We found that as dietary cellulose and protein levels were increased, the activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase), immune response parameters (alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, phagocytic index, respiratory burst, complement 3 and 4) and the mRNA level expression of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase all rose. In contrast, rising cellulose levels were associated with decreased malondialdehyde contents and increasing tumour necrosis factor, interleukin 1 and interleukin 8 mRNA expression. Overall, our results indicate that dietary protein supplementation can enhance yellow catfish immune functionality and that while dietary protein impacts on the immune response are influenced by dietary cellulose levels, increased dietary cellulose was associated with inflammatory gene upregulation.

Pectin and soybean meal induce stronger inflammatory responses and dysregulation of bile acid (BA) homeostasis than cellulose and cottonseed meal, respectively, in largemouth bass ( Micropterus salmoides ), which might be attributed to their BA binding capacity

“…Few studies have focused on stress caused by a high dosage of DF intake. Recent medical studies have found that increased dietary cellulose (10%) is associated with inflammatory gene up-regulation (Zhang et al, 2020), and a 10% fibre content can induce hepatocellular carcinoma progression through the early onset of cholestasis and hepatocyte death, followed by neutrophilic inflammation in the liver (Singh et al, 2018). The results of the present study clearly showed that excessive pectin can induce inflammation and histopathological changes, which was consistent with the above literature, suggesting that the anti-nutritional effect of high-dose DFs, especially soluble DFs, should be given enough attention.…”

Protective effect of moderate dietary cellulose against antibiotic‐induced growth retardation, blood deterioration and immunosuppression in juvenile yellow catfish ( Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)

“…Many studies support the idea of fibre potential beneficial effects on the fish immune system (Adorian et al, 2016; Yarahmadi et al, 2014). A recent study in our laboratory found that dietary cellulose supplementation can enhance immune functionality (AKP, ACP, C3, C4, respiratory burst and phagocytic index) in yellow catfish (Zhang et al, 2020). In this study, we also found that C3, C4 and IgM contents of fish fed with the Anti + MC diet were significantly higher than those fed with the Anti diet, which suggested that moderate dietary cellulose diet has a protective effect against immunosuppression induced by antibiotics in juvenile yellow catfish.…”

“…1405‐10‐3) and 0.4% metronidazole (CAS no. 443‐48‐1); Yuanmu Biotechnology; Sheng et al, 2018]), Anti + MC group((fed with antibiotics and 5% microcrystalline cellulose [food grade, purity > 99%; Zhang et al, 2020]), Anti + HC group (fed with antibiotics and 10% microcrystalline cellulose; NRC, 2011). Microcrystalline cellulose (food grade, purity > 99%) was used as the main cellulose sources; bentonite was used to compensate the level of cellulose; Peru fishmeal, peanut meal and soya bean meal were used as main protein sources; and fish oil, soy lecithin and soya bean oil were used as sources of lipids.…”

“…Yarahmadi et al (2014) reported that the optimum dietary fermentable fibre levels towards potentially beneficial communities improve immune response and health status of rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ). In our previous study, the addition of an appropriate amount of dietary cellulose (5% microcrystalline cellulose) could improve the antioxidant status and immune response of yellow catfish (Zhang et al, 2020). Furthermore, unpublished data from our laboratory demonstrated that the intestinal microbiota of yellow catfish was also regulated by the moderate addition of cellulose (5.24%), which was characterized by a decrease in the abundance of Proteobacteria and Acinetobacter and an increase in the abundance of Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Cetobacterium.…”

Effects of Solid-State Fermented (SSF) Pelleted Feed with Lactobacillus plantarum on Tachysurus fulvidraco: Growth, Digestion, Antioxidant, Immunity, Intestinal Morphology, and Microbiota

“…There are significant differences between male and female individuals, with males growing faster and reaching larger sizes. It is widely cultivated as a major commercial species in continental China [24]. Among the various strains available, "All-male No.…”