Effects of Dietary Palmitoleic Acid on Plasma Lipoprotein Profile and Aortic Cholesterol Accumulation Are Similar to Those of Other Unsaturated Fatty Acids in the F1B Golden Syrian Hamster

Abstract

The lower susceptibility of palmitoleic acid (16:1) to oxidation compared to PUFA may confer functional advantages with respect to finding acceptable alternatives to partially hydrogenated fats, but limited data are available on its effect on cardiovascular risk factors. This study investigated the effect of diets (10% fat, 0.1% cholesterol, wt:wt) enriched with macadamia [monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA)16:1], palm (SFA,16:0), canola (MUFA,18:1), or safflower (PUFA,18:2) oils on lipoprotein profiles and aortic cholesterol accumulation in F1B Golden Syrian hamsters (n = 16/group). After 12 wk, 8 hamsters in each group were killed (phase 1). The remaining hamsters fed palm oil were changed to a diet containing coconut oil, while hamsters in the other diet groups continued on their original diets for an additional 6 wk (phase 2). With minor exceptions, the time course and dietary SFA source did not alter the study outcomes. Macadamia oil-fed hamsters had lower non-HDL cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations compared with the palm and coconut oil-fed hamsters and higher HDL-cholesterol compared with the coconut, canola, and safflower oil-fed hamsters. The aortic cholesterol concentration was not affected by dietary fat type. The hepatic cholesterol concentration was higher in the unsaturated compared with the saturated oil-fed hamsters. RBC membrane and aortic cholesteryl ester, triglyceride, and phospholipid fatty acid profiles reflected that of the dietary oil. These data suggest that an oil relatively high in palmitoleic acid does not adversely affect plasma lipoprotein profiles or aortic cholesterol accumulation and was similar to other unsaturated fatty acid-rich oils.

Fatty acid profile of commercialCamembert- andBrie-type cheeses available on the Polish market

“…The average content of C16:1n-7 in the two assayed types of soft cheeses was similar to that obtained by Prandini et al (2007) in Alpine cheese produced from cow milk. Many reports indicated health effects which have been attributed to palmitoleic acid: preventing beta-cell apoptosis induced by glucose or SFA, improving circulating lipid profile in both animal model and human subjects (Griel et al, 2008;Matthan, Dillard, Lecker, Ip, & Lichtenstein, 2009).…”

Is Palmitoleic Acid a Plausible Nonpharmacological Strategy to Prevent or Control Chronic Metabolic and Inflammatory Disorders?

“…Cell culture/animal model Effect of palmitoleic acid [8] Rat pancreatic cells exposed to glucose β Cell proliferation and function [9] Rat islets of Langerhans exposed to several glucose levels Counteracted effect of high glucose [7] Human islet cells exposed to several glucose levels β Cell proliferation; counteracted effect of high glucose [76] Rat L6 skeletal muscle cells Glucose uptake, glucose oxidation, glycogen synthesis not attributed to insulin, GLUT 1 and 4 [52] Endothelial cells treated with single or combined fatty acids Stearate-induced apoptosis [3] Mice deficient in adipose tissue lipid chaperones aP2 and mal1, showing a high production of palmitoleic acid in adipose tissue, fed on HFD Mouse resistant to the deleterious effects of high fat, AKT and IRS (muscle), insulin action (muscle), SCD-1, FAS, ELOV6 (liver), NAFLD [94] F1 hamster, 12 weeks diet with 10% (wt:wt) of macadamia, palm, coconut or sunflower oil (n = 8)…”

The Role of the Novel Lipokine Palmitoleic Acid in Health and Disease

“…In animals, increased serum palmitoleate has been associated with reduced hepatosteatosis and adipokine expression (16), Also, dietary or orally administered palmitoleate decreased plasma cholesterol, atherogenic risk, and total lipids in the liver (94,95). In KK-Ay mice (a model of obesity and type 2 diabetes), palmitoleate consumption reduced body weight, ameliorated development of hypertriglyceridemia, and decreased lipogenesis in the liver (96).…”