Effects of dietary oil sources and calcium : phosphorus levels on growth performance, gut morphology and apparent digestibility of broiler chickens

Abstract

The study investigated the effects of varying dietary calcium (Ca) levels and sources of oil on performance of broiler chickens. A total of 378 one-day-old birds were fed 6% palm oil (PO), soybean oil (SO) or linseed oil (LO) in combination with three levels of Ca, 1%, 1.25% and 1.5%, for six weeks in a 3 x 3 factorial experiment. Birds fed diet supplemented with SO and PO had higher average daily gains, more abdominal fat and greater villi height compared with those fed LO. However, feed efficiency, apparent digestibility of organic matter, ether extract, crude protein and ash were similar across treatments. Regardless of oil source, the chickens fed diets containing 1.5% Ca had a lower bodyweight and apparent digestibility of organic matter, crude protein, ether extract and phosphorus (P) than those fed 1% and 1.25% Ca. In contrast, the birds fed 1.25% Ca had higher ash, Ca and P digestibility than did the 1% Ca birds. Interaction between source of oil and Ca level on mineral digestibility was significant. It can be concluded that palm oil could be used as an alternative to soybean and linseed oils to improve growth performance in broiler chickens. Moreover, increasing the level of Ca to 1.25% can improve broiler performance and apparent nutrient digestibility, regardless of the type of oil used in the current study. ______________________________________________________________________________________

Inclusion of Dietary Palm Oil and Soy Oil on Growth Performance and Nutrition Digestibility in Broiler Chickens

“…However, in the overall experiment feed intake (FI) was trend to increase in palm oil treatment group compared to other groups. There was no significant effect on FCR during overall trial (Table 3) our findings concede with the of Azman et al (2004) and Abdulla et al (2016) who stated that the supplementation of dietary soy oil did not affect the FI in broilers. The inclusion of soybean oil had improved body weight gain and reduced FCR compared with tallow in chicken indicated by Zhang et al (2011).…”

Growth Performance, Cytokine Expression, and Immune Responses of Broiler Chickens Fed a Dietary Palm Oil and Sunflower Oil Blend Supplemented With L-Arginine and Varying Concentrations of Vitamin E

“…Due to its faster accumulation, abdominal fat content is used as an indicator to assess total body fat content in broiler chickens (31). The dietary inclusion of oils containing long chain fatty acid, such as SO, soybean oil, and combinations of PO and SO (oil blend), enhanced oxidation and reduced the synthesis of fatty acids, resulting in less accumulation of abdominal fat in broilers (1,4). The significant reduction of abdominal fat and higher carcass yield reported in the present study could also be due to the combined effects of L-Arg and the PO and SO blend inhibiting the expression of hepatic FASmRNA and ACCmRNA, which suppresses the synthesis of fatty acids and leads to less abdominal fat deposition (12).…”

“…Dietary unsaturated fat supplementation in broiler diets leads to higher levels of available metabolizable energy owing to its greater solubility and digestibility when compared to saturated fat; this produces more energy at a lower expense and therefore increases productivity (1,2). Studies show that a combination of plant oils is more beneficial for performance and has a more positive effect on serum parameters and fatty acid deposition in broilers than a single oil (3).…”

“…A high intake of meat containing highly saturated fat and cholesterol has been linked to a higher incidence of disease, particularly cardiovascular disease (5). Besides the health benefits on meat composition, dietary unsaturated fats and/or combination oils can reduce abdominal fat and total body fat deposition in chickens and rats when compared to saturated fats (1,6). Excessive deposition of abdominal fat in chickens leads to a loss of dietary energy, which can decrease carcass yield and negatively affect its acceptability to the health-conscious consumer (7).…”

Broiler Tavuklarda Probiyotik ve Değişik Kaynaklı Yağların Performans, Karkas Özellikleri, Barsak Morfolojisi, Bağışıklık Sistemi, Karaciğer Enzimleri, Kan Parametreleri ve Grelin Gen Ekspresyonu Üzerine Etkisi

“…However, it is necessary for the absorption of fat into the hepatic portal system that causes micelle formation. Micelles of bile salts, fatty acids, monoglycerides and glycerol bind to fatty acids, monoglycerides and facilitate absorption of fat-soluble vitamins [5] .…”