Effects of dietary glucose oxidase on growth performance and intestinal health of AA broilers challenged by Clostridium perfringens

Abstract

Arbor Acre ( AA ) broilers were used as the research object to investigate whether glucose oxidase ( GOD ) has preventive and relieving effects on necrotic enteritis. The experiment was designed as a factorial arrangement of 2 dietary treatments × 2 infection states. Chickens were fed a basal diet or a diet with 150 U/kg GOD, and were challenged with Clostridium perfringens ( Cp ) or sterile culture medium. In our study, Cp challenge led to intestinal injury, as evidenced by reducing the average daily gain and the average daily feed intake of AA broilers of 14 to 21 d ( P < 0.05), increasing the intestinal jejunal lesion score ( P < 0.05), reducing the jejunal villi height and villi height/crypt depth ( P < 0.05), upregulating the mRNA expression levels jejunal IFN-γ ( P < 0.05). The dietary GOD had no significant effects on the growth performance of each growth period, but significantly decreased the ileal pH, increased the height of villi and the ratio of villi height to crypt depth ( P < 0.05) and the expression levels of Occludin and Zonula occludens-1 ( ZO-1 ) at d 21. Moreover, dietary GOD and the Cp challenge significantly altered the composition of 21-d ileal microbiota. The Cp challenge decreased the relative abundance of genus Lactobacillus ( P = 0.057), and increased the relative abundance of genus Romboutsia ( P < 0.05) and genus Veillonella ( P = 0.088). The dietary GOD tended to increase the relative abundance of genus Helicobacter ( P = 0.066) and decrease the relative abundance of genus Streptococcus ( P = 0.071). This study has shown that the supplementation of GOD could promote the integrity of intestinal barrier and the balance of ileal microbiota, but the effects of GOD on NE broilers and its application in actual production need to be further confirmed.

Effect of Porcine Clostridium perfringens on Intestinal Barrier, Immunity, and Quantitative Analysis of Intestinal Bacterial Communities in Mice

“…This study also demonstrated that High dose C. perfringens inoculation impaired the development of the small intestinal morphology, weakened the villus morphology, decreased the ratio of villus height/crypt depth, and triggered an irreparable effect on the crypt depth in the small intestine. Some studies in broilers presented the same results in intestinal morphology ( 34 – 37 ). Other studies found that the C. perfringens enterotoxin (CPE), which is the main toxin produced by C. perfringens type A, displayed a dose-dependent effect and CPE can induce the intestinal injury ( 38 – 40 ).…”

Tea Polyphenol Liposomes Overcome Gastric Mucus to Treat Helicobacter Pylori Infection and Enhance the Intestinal Microenvironment

“…There was no significant difference in the Alpha diversity index (Ace, Chao1, Simpson, and Shannon) of stool samples from the control group, the infection group, and the treatment group. Among the top 10 species with relative abundance at the phylum level (Figure e), Epsilonbacteraeota, as a pathological indicator of enteritis, had a significant increase in relative abundance after infection (Figure S6a,b), while the relative abundance of Firmicutes decreases after infection (Figure S6a,c). These indicate that mice may be induced to enteritis after Hp infection.…”

Effects of glucose oxidase on growth performance, clinical symptoms, serum parameters, and intestinal health in piglets challenged by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli

“…In this study, the ETEC challenge caused a minor shift in gastrointestinal pH value except for a reduction of colonic pH value, the related reason might deserve further research. Theoretically, gluconic acid produced by GOD catalysis can lower gastrointestinal pH value ( Zabek et al, 2020 ; Zhao et al, 2022 ). Unexpectedly, this study showed that GOD addition reduced pH value in the stomach instead of the intestine, probably because most of the intestinal gluconic acid produced by GOD catalysis was fermented into butyric acid by certain gut microbes such as Megasphaera elsdenii ( Tsukahara et al, 2002 ) that was detected to be increased in GOD group.…”

“…Overall, the increases in these beneficial bacteria coupled with the reductions in the above-mentioned harmful bacteria in the gut could at least partially clarify the observed conducive effects of GOD addition on growth and health parameters in challenged piglets. Similarly, limited studies in broilers revealed that GOD addition improved growth performance and intestinal health by optimizing gut microbial composition, as exhibited by the increases and decreases in certain beneficial and harmful bacteria, respectively ( Wu et al, 2019 ; Zhao et al, 2022 ).…”

“…Previously, several studies have validated the positive effects of GOD addition on growth performance and gut health in chickens ( Wu et al, 2019 , 2020 ; Meng et al, 2021 ) and pigs ( Tang et al, 2016 ; Dang et al, 2021 ; Sureshkumar et al, 2021 ) under the non-challenge condition. Moreover, GOD might be profitable for guarding against bacterial infection, as supported by the study of Zhao et al (2022) who observed that GOD addition attenuated Clostridium perfringens -induced necrotic enteritis of broilers by improving intestinal structure and functions. However, it is unknown whether GOD can protect pigs against bacterial infection.…”