Effects of dietary fresh fermented soybean meal on growth performance, ammonia and particulate matter emissions, and nitrogen excretion in nursery piglets

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of fresh fermented soybean meal (FSM) on the growth performance of nursery piglets, nitrogen excretion in feces, and the concentrations of ammonia (NH 3 ) and particulate matter (PM) in the piggery. A total of 472 nursery piglets (Landrace×Yorkshire, (16.3±0.36) kg body weight) were randomly allocated into two treatments with 236 pigs in each treatment. The pigs were fed the basal diet without fresh FSM (control) or diet containing 10% (100 g/kg) fresh FSM (FSM group), and the crude protein content of the two groups was consistent. The feeding trial lasted for 28 d. The results showed that the pigs fed fresh FSM had increased (P<0.05) average daily gain (ADG) compared with the control. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in feed to gain ratio (F:G) between the two groups. During the whole experiment, the concentration of NH 3 in the piggery decreased (P<0.05) by 19.0%, and the concentrations of PM (PM 10 and PM 2.5 ) in the piggery decreased (P<0.05) by 19.9% and 11.6%, respectively, in the FSM group, compared with the control. The ammonia nitrogen and nitrite content in feces increased (P<0.05) by 32.9% and 28.4%, respectively, in the FSM group. The fecal pH declined (P<0.05) significantly in the FSM group compared with the control. At the end of experiment, total protein (TP) concentration was increased (P<0.05) significantly and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentration was decreased (P<0.05) for pigs fed the diet with fresh FSM. The results indicated that dietary fresh FSM not only improved the growth performance of nursery piglets, but also reduced the NH 3 concentration in the piggery due to nitrogen conversion, and decreased the concentrations of PM 10 and PM 2.5 in the piggery.

Citrus Extract Improves the Absorption and Utilization of Nitrogen and Gut Health of Piglets

“…TP and PUN are indicators for the overall metabolism of body proteins. Within a certain range, the higher the TP concentration, the stronger the body's ability to synthesize and utilize proteins [22]. PUN concentration, on the other hand, has been negatively correlated with N deposition rate and protein utilization and a reduction in PUN indicates an increase in N utilization efficiency or a decrease in protein decomposition [23].…”

“…The feed consumption was measured every day to calculate the average daily feed intake (ADFI) and feed to gain ratio (F/G). Fresh fecal grab samples were collected in the morning during the last week (experimental d [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] and pooled by pen and stored at −20 • C for N and P emissions analysis. Each piglet was weighed at the end of the experiment, the two pigs closest to the average weight of treatments were selected from each replicate pen for slaughter.…”

Pigs’ Feed Fermentation Model with Antimicrobial Lactic Acid Bacteria Strains Combination by Changing Extruded Soya to Biomodified Local Feed Stock

“…Koo et al [65] reported that the addition of fermented barley enhances weaner piglets' gut health and increases immune responses and gut bacteria composition. According to Cheng et al [66] and Xu et al [67], fermented soybean meal has a positive influence on the growth performance of weaned piglets. Furthermore, new compounds formed in feed during fermentation can increase the growth performance of weaned piglets and growing pigs [67].…”

“…This fermentation strategy leads to effective use of local stocks and reduced dependence on imported soya, as well as higher economical effectiveness. The reduction of ammonia by modifying dietary composition is considered economical and feasible [66]. The significant ammonia emission reduction noted with the biomodified rapeseed compared with extruded soya meal underscores the lower dependence on imported soya products.…”

Impact of Fermented Corn–Soybean Meal on Gene Expression of Immunity in the Blood, Level of Secretory Immunoglobulin A, and Mucosa-Associated Bacterial Community in the Intestine of Grower–Finisher Pigs

“…In recent years, research on finding alternatives to antibiotics in feed and reducing feed costs has continually promoted the development of FF for probiotics (8). Using FF could improve the growth performance of nursery (9) and weaned piglets (10). Meanwhile, FF has also been observed to improve the growth performance of their progeny and decrease diarrhea incidence (11).…”