Effects of dietary Ergosan on cutaneous mucosal immune response in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Sheikhzadeh, Najmeh; Pashaki, Atefeh Karimi; Nofouzi, Katayoon; Heidarieh, Marzieh; Tayefi‐Nasrabadi, Hossein

doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2011.11.028

Cited by 65 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…The activity of esterase varied from 2.91 to 16.67 U · mg -1 protein in the six fi sh species. A higher esterase activity was reported in the skin mucus of fi sh, administered with Ergosan and fed with fermented Saccharomyces cerevisiae (see Sheikhzadeh et al 2012). The presently reported investigation revealed a comparable and higher esterase activity (16.67 U · mg -1 protein) in African cat- fi sh mucus.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…Fish epidermal mucus being continuously produced and sloughed off from the integumental surface, where it is physically trapping and preventing microbial pathogens from attaching to the epithelium (Sheikhzadeh et al 2012). The involvement of epidermal mucus enzymes such as lysozyme and proteases in the innate immune mechanism of fi sh has hitherto been studied (Yano 1996, Aranishi 1999.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Low esterase activity was reported in olive fl ounder than that observed in this study (Palaksha et al 2008). The precise role of esterase has not been distinct and it seems likely that it could act either individually or in cooperation with immune mucus substances towards fi ghting against infection or in wound healing (Palaksha et al 2008, Sheikhzadeh et al 2012). A variation in the level of protease activity was observed among the mucus of fi sh species examined.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Elucidation of innate immune components in the epidermal mucus of different freshwater fish species

Timalata

Krishnaveni

Rao

et al. 2015

Acta Ichthyol. Piscat.

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., Arockiaraj J. 2015. Elucidation of innate immune components in the epidermal mucus of different freshwater fi sh species. Acta Ichthyol. Piscat. 45 (3): 221-230.Background. Fish epidermal mucus is a key component of innate immune system and plays a major role in protecting fi sh against invading pathogenic microbes. The information on the role of epidermal mucus components is insuffi cient for many commercially important freshwater fi sh species. Hence, this study was directed to understand the innate immune components of epidermal mucus in these fi sh species. Materials and methods. Mucus samples were obtained from African catfi sh, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822); Indonesian snakehead, Channa micropeltes (Cuvier, 1831); striped snakehead, Channa striatus (Bloch, 1793); marble goby, Oxyeleotris marmorata (Bleeker, 1852); Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758); and Asian redtail catfi sh, Hemibagrus nemurus (Valenciennes, 1840). The variation in the protein profi le of the mucus were observed using SDS-PAGE analysis. The specifi c activities of various hydrolytic enzymes including lysozyme, alkaline phosphatase, esterase, and protease were analysed in the mucus and the levels of enzyme activities were compared among the experimental fi shes. We also elucidated the effect of various protease inhibitors on the protease activity and identifi ed the type of proteases in the fi sh mucus by azocasein hydrolysis assay and zymography. Results. Signifi cantly (P < 0.05) highest levels of lysozyme-, alkaline phosphatase-, and esterase activities were observed to be 15.77, 18.96, and 10.65 U · mg -1 protein respectively in C. striatus followed by 13.67, 15.06, and 16.67 U · mg -1 protein, respectively in C. gariepinus. The highest level of protease activity was recorded in H. nemurus (1630.97 U · mg -1 protein) and C. gariepinus (1596.4 U · mg -1 protein). A wide range of variation was noticed in the enzyme activities of fi shes, even from the same genus, for example C. micropeltes and C. striatus. Specifi c inhibitors were added to azocasein hydrolysis assay and zymography experiments to characterize the individual proteases present in the mucus of each fi sh species. This result revealed the highest level of serine proteases in mucus of redtail catfi sh and African catfi sh compared to cysteine and metalloproteases. In contrast, Indonesian snakehead and marble goby had similar levels of serine, cysteine and metalloproteases. Conclusion. This study provides an insight into the presence of various epidermal mucus enzymes in fi shes and therefore believed to be the components of innate immune system that may possibly provide protection for the fi sh against invading pathogenic microbes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Elucidation of innate immune components in the epidermal mucus of different freshwater fish species

Timalata

Krishnaveni

Rao

et al. 2015

Acta Ichthyol. Piscat.

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“…Use of immunostimulants is an effective means of increasing immunocompetency and disease resistance in fish. In contrast to vaccines, immunostimulants enhance the innate (or non-specific) immune response [17]. The major components of the innate immune system are macrophages, monocytes, granulocytes and humoral elements, like lysozyme or complement system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancements of non-specific immune response in Mugil cephlus by using seaweed extract protection against Vibrio alginolyticus (BRTR07)

Thirunavukkarasu¹,

Pandiyan²,

Deivasigamani³

et al. 2015

J Coast Life Med

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“…Since fi sh are in intimate contact with a wide range of pathogenic and non-pathogenic microorganisms, enhancement of biological systems in fi sh epidermal mucus can result in better resistance (Sheikhzadeh et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of irradiated Ergosan on the growth performance and mucus biological components of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss

Sheikhzadeh

Chehrara

Heidarieh³

et al. 2015

Chin. J. Ocean. Limnol.

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Eff ects of irradiated and non-irradiated Ergosan extract (alginic acid) on rainbow trout growth performance and skin mucosal immunity were compared. Ergosan was irradiated at 30 kGy in a cobalt-60 irradiator. A total of 252 fi sh (128.03±9.4 g) were randomly divided into four equal groups, given the basal diet either unsupplemented with Ergosan (control group) or supplemented with crude Ergosan (5 g/kg), ethanol-extracted Ergosan (0.33 g/kg) or irradiated Ergosan (0.33 g/kg) according to this protocol: basal diet for 15 days, treatment diet for 15 days, basal diet for 10 days and treatment diet for 15 days. Highest growth performance was observed in fi sh fed irradiated Ergosan ( P <0.05). Dietary administration of diff erent Ergosan types did not cause any changes in mucus protein level, but improved alkaline phosphatase level and hemagglutination titer compared with the control (basal diet without Ergosan) on day 55 of feeding trial ( P <0.05). Furthermore, the highest value of lysozyme activity was observed in gamma-irradiated Ergosan on day 55. In conclusion, gamma-irradiated Ergosan at 0.33 g/kg was found to improve growth performance and mucus biological components signifi cantly in comparison with the control group (basal diet without Ergosan).

show abstract

Effects of dietary Ergosan on cutaneous mucosal immune response in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Cited by 65 publications

References 22 publications

Elucidation of innate immune components in the epidermal mucus of different freshwater fish species

Elucidation of innate immune components in the epidermal mucus of different freshwater fish species

Enhancements of non-specific immune response in Mugil cephlus by using seaweed extract protection against Vibrio alginolyticus (BRTR07)

Effects of irradiated Ergosan on the growth performance and mucus biological components of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss

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