Effects of dietary energy and lysine intake during late gestation and lactation on blood metabolites, hormones, milk composition and reproductive performance in multiparous sows

Yang, Yuxin; Heo, Soon Chul; Zheng, Jie; Yun, Jang-Hyuk; Shinde, Prashant; Choi, J. Y.; Yang, Boo‐Keun; Chae, B. J.

doi:10.1080/17450390701780227

Cited by 28 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The relationship of sow weight loss to dietary energy intake observed during lactation in Exp. 1 agrees with previous reports [17,18]. This suggests that increasing dietary energy concentration could be an important factor to alleviate sow body weight loss during lactation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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The effect of the ratio of standardized ileal digestible lysine to metabolizable energy on growth performance, blood metabolites and hormones of lactating sows

Xue

Piao

et al. 2012

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

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A total of 335 lactating sows (Landrace × Large White) were used in two experiments to determine the optimum ratio of standardized ileal digestible lysine (SID-Lys) to metabolizable energy (ME) for mixed parity sows during lactation. In Exp. 1, 185 sows (weighing an average of 256.2 ± 6.5 kg and having an average parity of 3.4 ± 0.3) were allocated to one of six experimental diets in a completely randomized block design within parity groups (1, 2, and 3+). The experimental diets were formulated to contain 3.06, 3.16, 3.20, 3.25, 3.30 or 3.40 Mcal/kg of ME and each diet was fed to the sows throughout a 28 day lactation. All diets provided a similar SID-lysine level (0.86%). As a result, the diets provided a SID-Lys:ME ratio of 2.81, 2.72, 2.69, 2.65, 2.61 or 2.53 g/Mcal ME. Sow feed intake was significantly (P < 0.01) affected by the energy content of the diet as well as by sow parity. Using regression analysis, feed intake was shown to be maximized at 3.25, 3.21, 3.21 and 3.21 Mcal/kg of ME for parity 1, 2, 3+ sows and the entire cohort of sows respectively (quadratic; P < 0.01). In addition, the result of feed intake can be expressed as 2.65, 2.69, 2.69 and 2.68 g/Mcal based on analysis of SID-Lys:ME ratio. Litter weight gain was affected by dietary treatment for parity 3+ sows and the entire cohort (P < 0.01). Based on regression analysis, litter weight gain was maximized at 3.25 and 3.24 Mcal/kg of ME for parity 3+ (quadratic; P < 0.01) and the entire cohort (quadratic; P < 0.01). Similarly, the result of litter weight gain could be expressed as 2.65 and 2.66 g/Mcal of SID-Lys:ME ratio. Therefore, 3.25 Mcal/kg of ME was selected for Exp. 2 in which 150 sows (weighing 254.6 ± 7.3 kg and having an average parity of 3.4 ± 0.4) were allocated to one of five treatments in a completely randomized block design within parity (1, 2, and 3+). The experimental diets were formulated to contain 2.1, 2.4, 2.7, 3.0 or 3.3 g/Mcal of SID-Lys:ME ratio with all diets providing 3.25 Mcal/kg of ME. The diets were fed to the sows throughout a 28 day lactation. Sow body weight loss was affected by dietary treatment (parity 3+ sows, P = 0.02; entire cohort, P < 0.01) and by sow parity (P < 0.01). Litter weight at weaning and litter weight gain were affected by dietary treatment for parity 1, 2, 3+ sows and the entire cohort (P < 0.01) as well as by sow parity (P < 0.01). Plasma urea nitrogen (P < 0.01), creatinine (P < 0.01) and non-esterifide fatty acids (P = 0.04) were decreased as the SID-Lys:ME ratio of the diet increased. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (P = 0.02), estradiol (P < 0.01) and luteinizing hormone (P = 0.02) were increased as the SID-Lys:ME ratio in diet increased. Based on a broken-line model, the estimated SID-Lys:ME ratio to maximize litter weight gain was estimated to be 3.05 g/Mcal.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…A short interval is necessary to maximize the number of pigs marketed per sow per year [6]. A high energy intake of sows resulted in a short weaning-to-estrus interval in previous studies [17,18]. Higher-parity sows demonstrated a shorter weaning-to-estrus interval in Exp.1 and 2.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of the ratio of standardized ileal digestible lysine to metabolizable energy on growth performance, blood metabolites and hormones of lactating sows

Xue

Piao

et al. 2012

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

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“…These improved milk composition were associated with the greater litter performance of sows fed HE diet during lactation. Similarly, Yang et al (2008) observed increased concentrations of milk fat and lactose in sows fed HE diets (14.2 MJ ME/kg) as compared with LE diets (13.7 MJ ME/kg). However, Pluske et al (1998) reported an absence of statistically significant differences in both milk production and composition in sows fed with three diets (restricted, ad libitum and superalimented containing 50%, 100%, and 125Á130% of their estimated ad libitum feed intake).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Effects of dietary fat inclusion at two energy levels on reproductive performance, milk compositions and blood profiles in lactating sows

Park

Yang

Choi

et al. 2008

Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Science

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This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary fat inclusion to create two energy levels on reproductive performance, milk compositions and blood profiles in lactating sows. Twenty-four multiparous sows were randomly assigned to four treatments according to a 2)2 factorial arrangement. Two energy levels (3365 and 3265 kcal/kg) were created by supplementing different fat levels (high and low). Higher energy level resulted in less (P B0.05) body weight and backfat loss, shorter wean-to-estrus interval, and greater body weight gain of piglets. Sows fed higher fat diet had higher (P B0.05) fat concentration in colostrum. Higher concentrations of triglyceride and creatinine and lower concentrations of luteinizing hormone at weanling were noted (P B0.05) in sows fed lower energy diet than those fed higher energy diet. In conclusion, feeding of higher energy diet during lactation may improve the reproductive performance of sows during lactation.

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“…In general, it has been reported that nutritional requirements of sows increase during late gestation (Yang et al, ). Higher nutritional demands during late gestation may be supported by increased foetal growth, muscle fibre formation and mammary gland development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability of piglet birth weights: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Moreira

Palencia

Moita

et al. 2019

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of litter size and supplementation of functional amino acids on the piglet birth weight variability through of a systematic review and meta‐analysis. PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Science Direct, Scopus and SciELO are the main used databases and were searched in January 2019 by using the following keywords and their combinations: within‐litter birth, weight variability, piglets, litter size, sow, amino acids, gestation, uniformity, CV and/or SD. Of the 64 pre‐selected articles, only articles presenting the coefficients of variation and/or standard deviations according to the litter size and different levels of amino acid supplementation in the sow diets during gestation were selected. The average birth weights of total and live piglets were 43% lower in litters from sows with high prolificacy than those from sows with low prolificacy. The weight variability was affected by high prolificacy sows, with increases of 4.04% and 4.54% in the coefficients of variation of total and born alive piglets respectively (p = .074; p = .009). The standard deviation increased by 180 g in born alive piglets to high prolificacy sows. The coefficients of variation of total and live piglets born from high prolificacy sows showed an increase of 4.04% and 4.54% respectively (p = .07; p < .05). There was a tendency for reduced weight variability with amino acids supplementation when considering the standard deviation of total born (p = .072). However, reproductive performance was not significantly influenced (p > .05). In conclusion, the average litter weight and the number of piglets born influence weight variability. Amino acids supplementation may reduce the birth weight variability between piglets. However, this effect depends on the amino acid used, the levels of supplementation and on other factors not completely addressed in this study. Thus, more research is necessary to fully elucidate this topic.

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Effects of dietary energy and lysine intake during late gestation and lactation on blood metabolites, hormones, milk composition and reproductive performance in multiparous sows

Cited by 28 publications

References 22 publications

The effect of the ratio of standardized ileal digestible lysine to metabolizable energy on growth performance, blood metabolites and hormones of lactating sows

The effect of the ratio of standardized ileal digestible lysine to metabolizable energy on growth performance, blood metabolites and hormones of lactating sows

Effects of dietary fat inclusion at two energy levels on reproductive performance, milk compositions and blood profiles in lactating sows

Variability of piglet birth weights: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

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