Effects of Dietary Carbohydrate-to-Lipid Ratios on Growth and Body Composition of Fingerling Channel Catfish

Garling, Donald L.; Wilson, Robert P.

doi:10.1577/1548-8659(1977)39[43:eodcro]2.0.co;2

Cited by 170 publications

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“…The dietary energy level, particularly lipid to carbohydrate ratio, not only affects the growth and body composition of fish but also affects its digestive enzyme activity and plasma concentration (Ali and Jauncey 2005). Garling and Wilson (1977) observed that fish fed higher level of dietary lipid exhibited higher liver protease activity. Ray and Das (1992) Table 2 Digestibility, diet intake, growth performance, and diet efficiency of Labeo rohita fingerlings, fed experimental diets; data are mean ± standard deviation (n = 15); means with dissimilar superscripts in the same row indicate significant difference (LSD) between the means at 5% level and fish meal (80%) with 30.72% crude protein showed higher growth than those reared with a diet containing only fish meal (100%) with 35.7% protein.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Evaluation of fermented fish offal in formulated diet of the Indian major carp, rohu, Labeo rohita (Hamilton)

Mondal¹,

Kaviraj²,

Mukhopadhyay³

et al. 2007

Acta Icth et Piscat

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. 2007. Evaluation of fermented fish offal in formulated diet of the Indian major carp, rohu, Labeo rohita (Hamilton). Acta Ichthyol. Piscat. 37 (2): 99-105.Background. Carp fish offal contains high amount of protein and lipid. The quest for protein sources alternative to fish meal has been a priority in aquaculture research because of growing concerns on the future availability of fish meal for incorporation in fish diets. This study determined the extent to which carp fish offal could be fermented and used to replace fish meal in the formulation of diet for fingerlings of Labeo rohita. Materials and Methods. Fish offal, comprising viscera of carp, was fermented along with mustard oil cake and rice bran anaerobically by a microbial suspension (10 8 cells · mL -1 ) under ambient temperature (27-30ºC). The fermented mixture was mixed with fish meal, mineral-and vitamin mixture to prepare three experimental diets: 1) a reference diet (T1), without any fermentation mixture, containing 40% fish meal, 2) a diet containing 25% fish offal (fermented) and 25% fish meal (T2), and 3) a diet containing 30% fish offal (fermented) and 20% fishmeal (T3). These diets were tested to evaluate growth and biochemical composition of the body of the fingerlings of Labeo rohita and apparent protein digestibility (APD) and intake rate of the diets by the fish. Proximate analysis of feed ingredients, experimental diets, faecal samples and the carcass were performed following the AOAC procedures. Results. Fingerlings of Labeo rohita, reared for 60 days with the diets containing fermented fish offal mixture (T2 and T3), showed higher growth and higher values of protein and lipid in the carcass than those reared with the reference diet (T1). Apparent protein digestibility of the diets did not vary significantly, but average feed intake rate of the T2 and T3 diets were higher than the T1 diet. Conclusions. Fermented fish offal is a viable alternative of fish meal in the formulation of diet for fingerlings of Labeo rohita. Fifty percent replacement of fish meal is possible by a mixture containing 30% fish offal. Further studies are required to improve quality of the fermentation mixture and increase the rate of replacement of fish meal.Keywords: fish offal, recycling, fishmeal, protein, growth, rohu, Labeo rohita ascertained as nutrient sources probably because of inherent difficulties in handling it either in dried or in raw condition. While drying of the offal results in considerable loss of the nutrients, its direct use leads to rapid spoilage of the whole diet. In the present study an attempt was made to evaluate if fish offal (FO) could be fermented and used to replace fish meal (FM) in the preparation of formulated fish diet. The process of fermentation or composting is widely employed in fish diet formulation to decrease the anti-nutritional factors and crude fibre content of plant diet stuff Das 1992, Bairagi et al. 2002). The process of fermentation improves nutritional quality of animal product also. Rangacharyulu et al. (2003) o...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Evaluation of fermented fish offal in formulated diet of the Indian major carp, rohu, Labeo rohita (Hamilton)

Mondal¹,

Kaviraj²,

Mukhopadhyay³

et al. 2007

Acta Icth et Piscat

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show abstract

“…Jantrarotai et al (1994) also observed a significant decrease in energy retention in hybrid Clarias catfish when fed a diet containing higher (54%) level carbohydrate. Garling and Wilson (1977) reported that either less carbohydrate or more carbohydrate in the diets reduced the weight gain and protein retention of channel catfish.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimum dietary carbohydrate requirement of rohu, Labeo rohita (Hamilton), fingerlings

Saha¹,

Ray²

2001

Acta Ichthyol. Piscat.

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“…The significantly lower WG of fish fed a CHO/L ratio of 1.88 (3.0% fish oil) compared to fish fed CHO/L ratios of 0.13, 0.4, 0.76 and 1.25 (12.6%, 10%, 7.6% and 5.1% fish oil) were perhaps due to the deficiency of essential fatty acids resulted from the decrease of fish oil. Reduced growth and poor feed conversion efficiency in fish fed diets with high CHO/L ratios have also been reported in chinook salmon [32], channel catfish [17] red drum [6,33] and hybrid Clarias catfish [29].…”

Section: Dietary Cho/l Ratiosmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Liver glycogen content in fish fed the CHO/L ratio of 1.25 or 1.88 was significantly higher than fish fed the CHO/L ratio of 0.13, 0. 4 [16] and lipid, respectively [17,18]. It was reported that fish larvae utilize dietary phospholipids more efficiently than neutral lipids [19] and have high requirements of phospholipids such as at least 9.5% for pikeperch larvae [20] and 6.95-8.51% for large yellow croaker larvae [21] so in this study, 10% of soy lecithin was supplemented to all experimental diets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Effects of Different Dietary Carbohydrate/Lipid Ratios on Growth, Feed Utilization and Body Composition of Early Giant Grouper Epinephelus Lanceolatus Juveniles

Liu¹,

Wu²,

Lu³

et al. 2016

J Aquac Res Development

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An 8-week growth trial was undertaken to determine effects of different dietary carbohydrate (CHO)/lipid (L) ratios on growth, feed utilization and body composition of early giant grouper Epinephelus lanceolatus juveniles. Five isoenergetic (4.1 kcal/g) and isonitrogenous (50% CP, dry-matter basis) experimental diets were formulated to contain different crude lipid (CL) levels (22%, 19.8%, 17.6%, 15.4% or 13.2%, dry-matter basis) and together different corn starch levels (0%, 4.95%, 9.9%, 14.85% or 19.8%), thereby forming different dietary CHO/L ratios. Groups of 41 early giant grouper juveniles (average initial weight of 0.397 g/fish) were stocked into small floating cages (L 120 cm × W 70 cm × H 50 cm). Triplicate groups of fish were fed each dietary treatment three times daily to apparent satiation.

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Effects of Dietary Carbohydrate-to-Lipid Ratios on Growth and Body Composition of Fingerling Channel Catfish

Cited by 170 publications

References 0 publications

Evaluation of fermented fish offal in formulated diet of the Indian major carp, rohu, Labeo rohita (Hamilton)

Evaluation of fermented fish offal in formulated diet of the Indian major carp, rohu, Labeo rohita (Hamilton)

Optimum dietary carbohydrate requirement of rohu, Labeo rohita (Hamilton), fingerlings

Effects of Different Dietary Carbohydrate/Lipid Ratios on Growth, Feed Utilization and Body Composition of Early Giant Grouper Epinephelus Lanceolatus Juveniles

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