Effects of dietary calcium levels on growth performance and bone characteristics in pigs in grower-finisher-transitional phase

Bai, Li; Wu, Fei; Liu, H.; Zhang, L.; Zhang, S.; Liu, L.; Piao, Xiangshu; Liu, Y.H.; Thacker, P. A.; Wang, F.L.

doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2016.12.014

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Interestingly, diets with variable mineral intake and constant (this study) or variable [ 6 ] Ca:P ratio altered structures primarily in the spongiosa but not in the corticalis. In fact, the dietary responsiveness of the spongiosa was demonstrated in an earlier study examining dietary Ca or P restriction [ 3 , 36 ]. It is unclear whether these effects result from decreased bone formation or increased mineral resorption from bones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological and Transcriptional Responses in Weaned Piglets Fed Diets with Varying Phosphorus and Calcium Levels

et al. 2019

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Phosphorus (P) is an important element of various metabolic and signalling processes, including bone metabolism and immune function. To elucidate the routes of P homeostasis and utilization, a five-week feeding study was conducted with weaned piglets receiving a diet with recommended amounts of P and Ca (M), or a diet with lower (L) or higher (H) P values and a constant Ca:P ratio. Routes of P utilization were deduced via bone characteristics (MicroCT), genome-wide transcriptomic profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and serum mineral levels. MicroCT revealed significantly lower bone mineral density, trabecular number, and mechanical fracture load in (L). Gene expression analyses showed transcripts of 276 and 115 annotated genes with higher or lower abundance in (H) than (L) that were related to basic cellular and metabolic processes as well as response to stimuli, developmental processes and immune system processes. This study shows the many molecular routes involved in P homeostasis that should be considered to improve endogenous mechanisms of P utilization.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological and Transcriptional Responses in Weaned Piglets Fed Diets with Varying Phosphorus and Calcium Levels

et al. 2019

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“…Several bone parameters are used to evaluate bone status including mineral concentration, density, breaking strength, and stiffness, etc. The BMD measurement from the DXA method is generally expressed as the areal bone density, which is calculated by dividing the measured BMC by the projected area of bone 56,57 . Bone mineral density integrates not only the bone mineral content but also the bone dimension 58 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary 25‐hydroxycholecalciferol supplementation improves performance, immunity, antioxidant status, intestinal morphology, and bone quality in weaned piglets

2020

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BACKGROUND 25‐Hydroxycholecalciferol (25OHD3) is a new feed additive, which is a potential alternative to vitamin D3 in swine nutrition. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of different doses of 25OHD3 supplementation on performance, immunity, antioxidant capacity, intestinal morphology and bone quality in piglets. RESULTS As dietary 25OHD3 supplementation increased, the average daily gain (ADG) improved (P < 0.05) quadratically during days 1–14, and tended to increase (P = 0.06) quadratically during the overall period of the experiment. Increasing 25OHD3 supplementation increased (linear effect, P < 0.05) the serum 25OHD3 level and serum glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px) activity. On day 14, serum immunoglobulin A (IgA) was increased (linear and quadratic effects, P < 0.05) as dietary 25OHD3 supplementation increased. On day 28, serum IgA level was higher (P < 0.05) linearly and the complement 3 (C3) level was reduced (P < 0.05) linearly as dietary supplementation of 25OHD3 increased. The mucosal GSH‐Px activity of the small intestine was higher (quadratic effect, P < 0.05) with increasing 25OHD3 supplementation. Jejunal villus height (P = 0.06) and villus height to crypt depth ratio (P = 0.07) tended to increase quadratically, and the villus height to crypt‐depth ratio of the ileum increased (P < 0.05) linearly and quadratically with increasing 25OHD3 supplementation. Dietary supplementation with an increasing level of 25OHD3 increased breaking strength of tibias and femurs (quadratic effect, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Increasing dietary 25OHD3 supplementation partly improved performance, immunity, antioxidant status, intestinal morphology, and bone properties of weaned piglets. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry

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“…Nevertheless, caution should be exercised, as in certain scenarios an increase in Ca digestibility could widen the Ca: P ratio to an extent, where it negatively affects growth and bone mineralisation(68; 69). Incidentally, Létourneau-Montminy et al(70) also advocated reducing dietary Ca levels to optimise growth performance in weaned piglets, but a deficit in dietary Ca could have an adverse effect on bone health(71; 72). Due to an insufficient number of publications reporting performance data together with Ca balance data, it was impossible to draw inferences about the effects of varying Ca intake on animal growth and bone health in this meta-analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Incidentally, Létourneau-Montminy et al . ( 69 ) also advocated reducing dietary Ca levels to optimise growth performance in weaned piglets, but a deficit in dietary Ca could have an adverse effect on bone health ( 70 , 71 ) . Owing to an insufficient number of publications reporting performance data together with Ca balance data, it was impossible to draw inferences about the effects of varying Ca intake on animal growth and bone health in this meta-analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do not neglect calcium: a systematic review and meta-analysis (meta-regression) of its digestibility and utilisation in growing and finishing pigs

et al. 2018

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Ca digestibility and utilisation in growing pigs are not well understood, and are usually neglected in diet formulation. This has implications not only for the accurate determination of its requirements but also for its interactions with other nutrients. A systematic review and meta-analysis (meta-regression) of published trials was carried out to quantify factors affecting Ca absorption and utilisation, and to derive an estimate of Ca endogenous excretion. The analysis was carried out on the data from forty studies, corresponding to 201 treatments performed on 1204 pigs. The results indicated that although Ca absorption and retention (g/kg of body weight per d) increased with increasing Ca intake (P<0·001), non-phytate-P intake (P<0·001) and exogenous phytase supplementation (P<0·001), these values decreased with increasing phytate-P intake (P<0·05). Interactions between exogenous phytase and Ca intake, indicating reduced efficacy of this enzyme (P<0·001), and between phytate-P intake and exogenous phytase, counteracting the direct negative effect of phytate-P (P<0·05) on Ca absorption and retention, were also detected. There were no effects of animal-related characteristics, such as pig genotype in Ca absorption and retention. The large amount of variance explained in Ca absorption (90 %) and retention (91 %) supported our choice of independent variables. Endogenous Ca losses obtained via linear regression were 239 mg/kg of DM intake (95 % CI 114, 364). These outcomes advance the current understanding of Ca digestibility and utilisation, and should contribute towards establishing requirements for digestible Ca. Consequently, pig diets will be more correctly formulated if digestible Ca values are used in estimating requirements for Ca.

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Effects of dietary calcium levels on growth performance and bone characteristics in pigs in grower-finisher-transitional phase

Cited by 11 publications

References 28 publications

Physiological and Transcriptional Responses in Weaned Piglets Fed Diets with Varying Phosphorus and Calcium Levels

Physiological and Transcriptional Responses in Weaned Piglets Fed Diets with Varying Phosphorus and Calcium Levels

Dietary 25‐hydroxycholecalciferol supplementation improves performance, immunity, antioxidant status, intestinal morphology, and bone quality in weaned piglets

Do not neglect calcium: a systematic review and meta-analysis (meta-regression) of its digestibility and utilisation in growing and finishing pigs

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