Effects of dietary alpha linolenic acid on cholesterol metabolism in male and female hamsters of the LPN strain

Morise, Anne; Sérougne, Colette; Gripois, D.; Blouquit, Marie-France; Lutton, C.; Hermier, Dominique

doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2003.10.002

Cited by 59 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…In the present study, rats fed flaxseed oil (G F ) had higher HDL and lower LDL and VLDL levels compared to the findings reported by Morise et al (2004), who studied the effects of flaxseed oil inclusion in rat diet. They found HDL of 32.8 ± 0.27 mg.dL -1 , LDL of 4.70 ± 0.05 mg.dL -1 and VLDL of 3.00 ± 0.05 mg.dL -1 .…”

Section: Weight Evolutionsupporting

confidence: 48%

“…Omega-3 fatty acids found in flaxseed oil contribute to increase cholesterol excretion via bile, thus depleting the liver cholesterol pool and increasing the synthesis of free cholesterol (MORISE et al, 2004). In addition, diets containing ALA…”

Section: Blood Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is well known that diet plays an important role in the control of cholesterol homeostasis (MORISE et al, 2004;FERNANDES et al, 2010). It has been reported that vegetable oils have been used as food and for medicinal purposes for hyperlipidemia and that they may be useful adjuncts to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and alterations in liver metabolism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sesame and flaxseed oil: nutritional quality and effects on serum lipids and glucose in rats

et al. 2013

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This study evaluated the nutritional value of sesame and flaxseed oils and their effects on the lipid and glucose profile of rats fed diets containing different fat combinations. Fatty acid composition, refractive index, and iodine and saponification values were analyzed to characterize the oils. In the biological assay, Wistar rats were fed different diets, whose fat composition consisted of varying combinations of flaxseed oil, sesame oil, and animal fat. The primary constituents of the sesame oil were oleic (28.6%), linoleic (28.4%), and lauric acid (14.6%); for the flaxseed oil they were alpha-linolenic (39.90%), oleic (17.97%) and linoleic acid (12.25%). The iodine and saponification values of the oils were within the reference range. Rats fed flaxseed oil-based diets had the lowest serum cholesterol values, whereas rats fed diets with flaxseed oil + sesame oil + animal fat had the highest glucose levels. HDL levels decreased significantly with flaxseed oil. Sesame and flaxseed oils are sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), and the flaxseed oil-based diet had a hypocholesterolemic effect, whereas sesame oil showed oxidative stability since it contains high levels of monounsaturated and saturated fatty acids.

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Section: Weight Evolutionsupporting

confidence: 48%

Section: Blood Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sesame and flaxseed oil: nutritional quality and effects on serum lipids and glucose in rats

et al. 2013

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“…VI). The present study did not allow drawing a clear cut explanation for the hypercholesterolemic effect of dietary ALA, which may regulate other key points of sterol metabolism, such as cholesterol and BA synthesis [52,53], or cholesterol uptake by the liver via lipoprotein receptors [54]. However, differences in the experimental models and/ or dietary conditions do not allow extrapolating to our study.…”

Section: Sterol Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 72%

Dose effect of alpha-linolenic acid on lipid metabolism in the hamster

Morise¹,

Mourot²,

Riottot³

et al. 2005

Reprod. Nutr. Dev.

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-In order to meet dietary requirements, the consumption of α-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3 n-3) must be promoted. However, its effects on triglyceride (TG) and cholesterol metabolism are still controversial, and may be dose-dependent. The effects of increasing dietary ALA intakes (1%, 10%, 20% and 40% of total FA) were investigated in male hamsters. ALA replaced oleic acid while linoleic and saturated FA were kept constant. Triglyceridemia decreased by 45% in response to 10% dietary ALA and was not affected by higher intakes. It was associated with lower hepatic total activities of acetyl-CoA-carboxylase (up to -29%) and malic enzyme (up to -42%), which were negatively correlated to ALA intake (r 2 = 0.33 and r 2 = 0.38, respectively). Adipose tissue lipogenesis was 2-6 fold lower than in the liver and was not affected by dietary treatment. Substitution of 10% ALA for oleic acid increased cholesterolemia by 15% but, as in TG, higher ALA intakes did not amplify the response. The highest ALA intake (40%) dramatically modified the hepatobiliary metabolism of sterols: cholesterol content fell by 45% in the liver and increased by 28% in the faeces. Besides, faecal bile acids decreased by 61%, and contained more hydrophobic and less secondary bile acids. Thus, replacing 10% oleic acid by ALA is sufficient to exert a beneficial hypotriglyceridemic effect, which may be counteracted by the slight increase in cholesterolemia. Higher intakes did not modify these parameters, but a very high dose resulted in adverse effects on sterol metabolism. α-linolenic acid / oleic acid / lipogenesis / cholesterol / triglyceride / bile acid / hamster

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“…Although the underlying mechanisms responsible for the positive association between ALA intake and type 2 diabetes risk remain unclear, an in vitro study suggested that ALA stimulated the development of a pro-inflammatory environment within the vascular endothelium (40) , which is a marker of type 2 diabetes (41) . Findings from an animal study indicated that feeding hamsters a diet rich in ALA for 9 weeks resulted in a 40 % decrease in insulin secretion compared with hamsters fed a diet rich in SFA (42) . A substantial body of evidence highlights the importance of reducing n-6 PUFA intake in order to decrease the adverse health effects of excess arachidonic acid and its eicosanoid products.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macronutrient intake and type 2 diabetes risk in middle-aged Australian women. Results from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health

Alhazmi

Stojanovski

McEvoy

et al. 2013

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To investigate the association between macronutrient intake and type 2 diabetes risk in middle-aged Australian women. Design: A prospective cohort study, with 6 years (2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007) of follow up. Dietary intake was assessed with a validated FFQ. Relative risks with 95 % confidence intervals were used to examine risk associations. Setting: Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health, Australia. Subjects: Australian women (n 8370) from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health aged 45-50 years and free of type 2 diabetes at baseline. Results: After 6 years of follow-up, 311 women developed type 2 diabetes. After adjusting for sociodemographic, lifestyle and other dietary risk factors, MUFA, total n-3 PUFA, a-linolenic acid and total n-6 PUFA intakes were positively associated with the incidence of type 2 diabetes. The relative risks for type 2 diabetes for the highest compared with the lowest quintiles were 1?64 (95 % CI 1?06, 2?54), P 5 0?04 for MUFA; 1?55 (95 % CI 1?03, 2?32), P 5 0?01 for n-3 PUFA; 1?84 (95 % CI 1?25, 2?71), P , 0?01 for a-linolenic acid; and 1?60 (95 % CI 1?03, 2?48), P 5 0?04 for n-6 PUFA. Other dietary macronutrients were not significantly associated with diabetes risk. Conclusions:The data indicate that consumption of MUFA, n-3 PUFA and n-6 PUFA may influence the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in women.

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Effects of dietary alpha linolenic acid on cholesterol metabolism in male and female hamsters of the LPN strain

Cited by 59 publications

References 62 publications

Sesame and flaxseed oil: nutritional quality and effects on serum lipids and glucose in rats

Sesame and flaxseed oil: nutritional quality and effects on serum lipids and glucose in rats

Dose effect of alpha-linolenic acid on lipid metabolism in the hamster

Macronutrient intake and type 2 diabetes risk in middle-aged Australian women. Results from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health

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