Effects of Diet-Induced Moderate Weight Reduction on Intrahepatic and Intramyocellular Triglycerides and Glucose Metabolism in Obese Subjects

Sato, Fumihiko; Tamura, Yasuaki; Watada, Hirotaka; Kumashiro, Naoki; Igarashi, Yasuhiro; Uchino, Hiroshi; Maehara, Tadayuki; Kyogoku, Shinsuke; Sunayama, Satoshi; Sato, Hiroyuki; Hirose, Takahisa; Tanaka, Yasushi; Kawamori, Ryuzo

doi:10.1210/jc.2006-2384

Cited by 114 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In agreement with these findings, one randomized controlled trial and a recent meta-analysis (17,29) showed significant improvements in fasting glucose and total cholesterol in T2DM patients under low-carbohydrate diets. Interestingly, the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in patients with combined T2DM and obesity has been reported as 100% (30).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Regulation of Serum Lipid Profile, Glucose, Insulin, and Adiponectin in Obese Diabetic Women Under Diet Therapy: A Randomized Clinical Controlled Study

Mohammadi

Arefhosseini

Jafarabadi

et al. 2016

Iran Red Crescent Med J

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Regulation of Serum Lipid Profile, Glucose, Insulin, and Adiponectin in Obese Diabetic Women Under Diet Therapy: A Randomized Clinical Controlled Study

Mohammadi

Arefhosseini

Jafarabadi

et al. 2016

Iran Red Crescent Med J

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“…Moreover, weight loss of as little as 6%-8% has been shown to improve insulin sensitivity, and intra-abdominal and hepatic steatosis. 3,9,10 Data specific to NASH subjects is limited to small trials with incomplete histologic follow-up. A pilot trial of 15 subjects treated for 12 months with a 1,400 calorie/day diet consisting of 40%-45% carbohydrate, 35%-40% fat, and 15%-20% protein showed that a weight loss of 7% improved the total NASH score and steatosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orlistat for overweight subjects with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: A randomized, prospective trial

Fecht²,

et al. 2008

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The aim of this study was to determine if orlistat, an inhibitor of fat absorption, combined with caloric restriction in overweight subjects with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis results in weight loss and improved liver histology. Fifty overweight subjects (body mass index ‫؍‬ >27) with biopsy proven nonalcoholic steatohepatitis were randomized to receive a 1,400 Kcal/day diet plus vitamin E (800 IU) daily with or without orlistat (120 mg three times a day) for 36 weeks. Liver biopsies were repeated at week 36. Twenty-three subjects in the orlistat/diet/vitamin E group and 18 in the diet/vitamin E group completed the study. The mean age was 47 ؎ 9.0 (standard deviation) years and mean body mass index was 36.4 ؎ 6.3 kg/m 2 . Four subjects were diabetic. The orlistat group lost a mean of 8.3% body weight compared to 6.0% in the diet plus vitamin E group (not significant). Both groups also had similarly improved serum aminotransferases, hepatic steatosis, necroinflammation, ballooning, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease activity scores. Stratified according to weight loss instead of treatment group, a loss of >5% body weight (n ‫؍‬ 24) compared to <5% body weight (n ‫؍‬ 17) correlated with improvement in insulin sensitivity (P ‫؍‬ 0.001) and steatosis (P ‫؍‬ 0.015). Comparing subjects who lost >9% of body weight (n ‫؍‬ 16), to those that did not (n ‫؍‬ 25), improved insulin sensitivity (P < 0.001), adiponectin (P ‫؍‬ 0.03), steatosis (P ‫؍‬ 0.005), ballooning (P ‫؍‬ 0.04), inflammation (P ‫؍‬ 0.045), and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease activity score (P ‫؍‬ 0.009) were seen. Increases in adiponectin strongly correlated with improved ballooning and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease activity score (P ‫؍‬ 0.03). Orlistat did not enhance weight loss or improve liver enzymes, measures of insulin resistance, and histopathology. However, subjects who lost >5% of body weight over 9 months improved insulin resistance and steatosis, and those subjects who lost >9% also achieved improved hepatic histologic changes. (HEPATOLOGY 2009;49:80-86.)

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“…A primed, continuous infusion of [6,6-2 H2]glucose (priming dose, 22 μmol/kg; infusion rate, 0.22 μmol/kg/min) was started and continued until the end of the study. After 3.5 hours of tracer infusion, subjects ingested a liquid meal (containing 46 g glucose mixed with 0.9 g [U- 13 C]glucose, 9 g fat, and 9 g protein), which was provided in 7 equally divided aliquots given every 5 minutes over a 30-minute period. Blood samples were obtained immediately before starting the glucose tracer infusion, every 10 minutes for 30 minutes just before starting the meal ingestion, and then every 15 minutes for the first hour and every 20 minutes for the subsequent 5 hours after starting the meal, to determine plasma substrate and hormone concentrations as well as glucose TTRs.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Gastric bypass and banding equally improve insulin sensitivity and β cell function

Bradley¹,

Conte²,

et al. 2012

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Bariatric surgery in obese patients is a highly effective method of preventing or resolving type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); however, the remission rate is not the same among different surgical procedures. We compared the effects of 20% weight loss induced by laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) or Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery on the metabolic response to a mixed meal, insulin sensitivity, and β cell function in nondiabetic obese adults. The metabolic response to meal ingestion was markedly different after RYGB than after LAGB surgery, manifested by rapid delivery of ingested glucose into the systemic circulation, by an increase in the dynamic insulin secretion rate, and by large, early postprandial increases in plasma glucose, insulin, and glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations in the RYGB group. However, the improvement in oral glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and overall β cell function after weight loss were not different between surgical groups. Additionally, both surgical procedures resulted in a similar decrease in adipose tissue markers of inflammation. We conclude that marked weight loss itself is primarily responsible for the therapeutic effects of RYGB and LAGB on insulin sensitivity, β cell function, and oral glucose tolerance in nondiabetic obese adults.

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Effects of Diet-Induced Moderate Weight Reduction on Intrahepatic and Intramyocellular Triglycerides and Glucose Metabolism in Obese Subjects

Abstract: Our results suggest that moderate weight reduction in obese subjects decreased IHL and augmented splanchnic glucose uptake. This mechanism is at least in part involved in improvement of glucose metabolism by moderate weight reduction in obese subjects.

Cited by 114 publications

References 20 publications

Regulation of Serum Lipid Profile, Glucose, Insulin, and Adiponectin in Obese Diabetic Women Under Diet Therapy: A Randomized Clinical Controlled Study

Regulation of Serum Lipid Profile, Glucose, Insulin, and Adiponectin in Obese Diabetic Women Under Diet Therapy: A Randomized Clinical Controlled Study

Orlistat for overweight subjects with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: A randomized, prospective trial

Gastric bypass and banding equally improve insulin sensitivity and β cell function

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