Effects of Dexmedetomidine Pretreatment on Bupivacaine Cardiotoxicity in Rats

Abstract

Dexmedetomidine pretreatment delays the effects of bupivacaine cardiotoxicity.

Effect of dexmedetomidine priming on convulsion reaction induced by lidocaine

“…Animal experiment results show that application of dexmedetomidine can improve intoxication dose threshold of the bupivacaine [10] . In 2005, Tanaka et al [11] firstly reported that dexmedetomidine can reduce the incidence of bupivacaine and levobupivacaine induced convulsion, as well as the toxicity of local anesthetics.…”

Role of Intravenous Dexmedetomidine in Prolonging Postoperative Analgesia and Quality of Block Following Spinal Anaesthesia. A Systemic Review and Update

“…One study has demonstrated that use of dexmedetomidine in post-bypass period in coronary bypass surgery had lower incidence of acute kidney injury [84]. Few other animal experimental study has shown organ protective effects of dexmedetomidine on myocardial protection [82,85] neuronal protection in spinal cord injury [86][87][88][89], reduction in cerebral vasospasm after sub-arachnoid haemorrhage, [89] prevention of retinal apoptosis in retinal ischaemia [90], preventive effects in Acute lung injury [91], visceral and renal protection in ischemic-repurfusion injury [81][82][83][84]92,93]. The ability to protect against organ dysfunction, notably myocardial, renal and neuronal, may yet to be the defining characteristic of this class of drug in human being.…”

“…The ability to protect against organ dysfunction, notably myocardial, renal and neuronal, may yet to be the defining characteristic of this class of drug in human being. Dexmedetomidine pre-treatment delayed the onset of bupivacaine induced cardiotoxicity in rat model [85]. Further clinical and preclinical studies are required to inform us about the diversity of therapeutic application of dexmedetomidine.…”

Additives to Local Anesthetics for Peripheral Nerve Blockade

“…Pretreatment with ∝ 2 -adrenoceptor agonists (clonidine and dexmedetomidine) attenuates local anesthetic-induced cardiotoxicity and increases the safety threshold. 18, 19 Whether co-administration of ∝ 2 -adrenoceptor agonists and local anesthetics will have similar safety effects is not known and merits further study. Giving a bolus of either clonidine or dexmedetomidine could lead to bradycardia and hypotension.…”

“…19 Whether this cardioprotective effect applies to co-administration with local anesthetics is not known. While the data to date are supportive, the authors believe that further clinical studies are warranted to better establish the appropriate dosing, potential side effects and safety prior to widespread clinical use.…”