Effects of dexmedetomidine on systemic and coronary hemodynamics in the anesthetized dog

The hemodynamic effects of medetomidine continuous rate infusions in the dog

“…These results are supported in other studies of medetomidine bolus dosing (Bloor et al 1992;Flacke et al 1993;Pypendop & Verstegen 1998) and another study evaluating dexmedetomidine CRIs in the dog (Pascoe 2005). In addition, Grimm et al (2005) evaluated the hemodynamic effects of medetomidine given alone as a CRI at 1.5 lg kg )1 hour )1 as well as in combination with a fentanyl bolus and demonstrated decreased HR and CI and increased left atrial pressure in dogs receiving the medetomidine CRI.…”

Influence of MK-467, a Peripherally Acting α2-Adrenoceptor Antagonist on the Disposition of Intravenous Dexmedetomidine in Dogs

“…However, especially in dogs, dexmedetomidine has undesirable cardiovascular effects characterized by marked vasoconstriction and consequent reductions in heart rate, followed by decreases in the cardiac index and tissue oxygen delivery (Pypendop and Verstegen, 1998). This effect is mediated by ␣ 2 -adrenoceptors located on vascular smooth muscle cells (Flacke et al, 1993;Bloor et al, 1992a;Link et al, 1996). In humans, the adverse cardiovascular effects are commonly not very pronounced, probably because of more conservative dosing regimens and a possibly lesser sensitivity of humans than dogs to the peripheral vasoconstrictive effects of dexmedetomidine.…”

Medetomidine Suppresses Cardiac and Gastric Sympathetic Nerve Activities but Selectively Activates Cardiac Vagus Nerve

“…Flacke et al reported that the peak of the first derivative of systolic left ventricular pressure declined after intravenous administration of dexmedetomidine in anesthetized dogs. 26 Savola et al reported that medetomidine inhibited basal gastric acid and fluid output in conscious rats in a dose-dependent manner while in anesthetized rats, no effect was observed when it was administered intravenously. 25 We need further investigations including chronic experiments to evaluate the effects of medetomidine on both cardiac and gastric functions in CHF conditions.…”