The hemodynamic effects of medetomidine continuous rate infusions in the dog

Carter, Jennifer E.; Campbell, Nigel; Posner, Lysa P.; Swanson, Cliff

doi:10.1111/j.1467-2995.2009.00522.x

Cited by 29 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Medetomidine is known for its adverse cardiovascular effects [30], even in very low doses [31]. In human anaesthesiology, alpha-2-adrenergic agonists are increasingly used in low doses to improve cardiovascular stability and prevent tachycardia [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous intravenous anaesthesia with sufentanil and midazolam in medetomidine premedicated New Zealand White rabbits

et al. 2013

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BackgroundAnaesthesia in rabbits is associated with a high mortality rate, compared to that in cats and dogs. Total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) with drugs that provide cardiovascular stability and are rapidly metabolised could be of benefit for use in rabbits. The aim was to evaluate cardiorespiratory effects of TIVA with sufentanil-midazolam in eight New Zealand White rabbits. Subcutaneous premedication with medetomidine (0.1 mg/kg BW) was followed by IV administration of a mixture of 2.5 μg/mL sufentanil and 0.45 mg/mL midazolam at a rate of 0.3 mL/kg BW/h for anaesthetic induction. Additionally, intravenous boluses of 0.1 mL of the mixture were administered every 20 s until the righting reflex was lost. Following endotracheal intubation, anaesthesia was maintained for 60 min with an infusion rate adjusted to supress the pedal withdrawal reflex. Air and oxygen (1:2) were delivered at 3 L/min. Physiological variables were recorded before induction and at predefined time points during and after anaesthesia.ResultsRighting and pedal withdrawal reflexes were lost within 3 and 5 min, respectively. Doses of sufentanil and midazolam were 0.48 μg/kg BW and 0.09 mg/kg BW for induction, and 0.72 μg/kg BW/h and 0.13 mg/kg BW/h for maintenance. Apnoea occurred in two rabbits. Induction of anaesthesia caused a significant increase in heart rate, cardiac output and arterial CO2 partial pressure and a decrease in mean arterial pressure, respiratory rate and pH. Mean time from stopping the infusion to endotracheal extubation was 5 min, and to return of the righting reflex 7 min. Anaesthesia was characterized by induction and recovery without excitation, with muscle relaxation, and absence of the pedal withdrawal reflex.ConclusionsTIVA with sufentanil-midazolam provided smooth induction and recovery of anaesthesia in rabbits but with marked hypotension and respiratory depression, requiring mechanical ventilation. Further evaluation is needed to establish if the protocol is useful for rabbits undergoing surgery.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous intravenous anaesthesia with sufentanil and midazolam in medetomidine premedicated New Zealand White rabbits

et al. 2013

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“…Medetomidine CRIs at comparable doses in awake dogs were not associated with a change in pH (Carter et al. ) and a lactate measured at the end of cell harvest in those dogs was normal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apheresis in three dogs weighing <14 kg

Posner

Willcox

Suter

2013

Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia

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“…Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications were contraindicated due to the dog's hemodynamic instability and alterations in hemostasis 19,20 and alpha-2 agonists are contraindicated in the presence of hemorrhagic shock. 21 The need for immediate pain relief led the authors to cautiously proceed with general anesthesia in this unstable patient, rather than to start infusions of other intravenous analgesics such as ketamine and lidocaine. General anesthesia afforded the authors the ability to obtain diagnostics, administer higher doses of opioid analgesia, and place the IP catheter without causing patient distress and discomfort.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Presumptive intraperitoneal envenomation resulting in hemoperitoneum and acute abdominal pain in a dog

Istvan

Walker

Hansen

et al. 2015

J Vet Emergen Crit Care

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Objective -To describe the clinical features, diagnostic findings, treatment, and outcome of a dog with acute abdominal pain and hemoperitoneum secondary to a presumptive intraperitoneal (IP) snakebite. Case Summary -A 10-month-old castrated male mixed-breed dog was evaluated for suspected snake envenomation. The dog presented recumbent and tachycardic with signs of severe abdominal pain. Two cutaneous puncture wounds and hemoperitoneum were discovered during evaluation. Ultrasonographic examination revealed communication of the wounds with the peritoneal cavity. The dog was treated with supportive care, parenteral analgesia, packed red blood cell and fresh frozen plasma transfusions, crotalid antivenom, and placement of an IP catheter to provide local analgesia. The dog recovered fully and was discharged 5 days after initial presentation. New or Unique Information Provided -To our knowledge, this is the first report of IP envenomation accompanied by hemorrhage treated with continuous IP analgesia in the veterinary literature. (J Vet Emerg Crit Care 2015; 25(6): 770-777)

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The hemodynamic effects of medetomidine continuous rate infusions in the dog

Cited by 29 publications

References 24 publications

Continuous intravenous anaesthesia with sufentanil and midazolam in medetomidine premedicated New Zealand White rabbits

Continuous intravenous anaesthesia with sufentanil and midazolam in medetomidine premedicated New Zealand White rabbits

Apheresis in three dogs weighing <14 kg

Presumptive intraperitoneal envenomation resulting in hemoperitoneum and acute abdominal pain in a dog

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