Effects of detergents on natural ecosystems and wastewater treatment processes: a review

Mousavi, Seyyed Alireza; Khodadoost, Farank

doi:10.1007/s11356-019-05802-x

Cited by 118 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Evsel deterjanlar, kullanımları sonucunda su kütlelerinde ve arıtma tesislerinde ana antropojenik fosfor kaynağı olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Deterjanlar normalde sürfaktanlar ve yapıcı olarak nitelendirilen polifosfat tuzlarından oluşmaktadır (Mousavi & Khodadoost, 2019). Evsel atıksulardaki sürfaktan konsantrasyonları için bildirilen değerler 3-21 mg/L arasında değişmektedir (Patil vd., 2020).…”

Section: Atıksu Karakterizasyonuunclassified

Deterjan bazlı çamaşır makinesi atık suyunun YDA ve EoL analizi ile değerlendirilmesi

Çelebi¹,

Bahadır²,

Şimşek³

et al. 2021

European Journal of Science and Technology

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Öz Çevre kirliliği çalışmaları, tüm dünyada özellikle atıksuyun yapısında yer alan deterjan sorununun hızla arttığını göstermiştir. Çamaşır yıkamadan kaynaklı atıksularda bunlardan biri olup çamaşır makinesi atıksuyu, yüksek konsantrasyonlu deterjanlar, sürfaktan, fosfat, askıda katı maddeler, yağ, renk vb. kirleticileri içeren kentsel atıksuyun bir parçası olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, deterjanların salınımı hakkında güvenilir veriler elde etmek ve çamaşır makinesi atıksularının olası çevresel etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla, ev tipi çamaşır makinesi kullanılarak giysiler üzerinde gerçek ölçekte çamaşır makinesinde yıkama denemeleri yapılmıştır. Yıkama işlemi sonunda atıksular iki farklı deterjan için ayrı ayrı toplanıp analizler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu sayede bor içeriğine sahip deterjanın çevresel etki boyutu da incelenmiştir. Ayrıca, deterjanlar ve çamaşır makinesi atıksuyu için yaşam döngüsü ve EoL diyagramları temelinde çevresel değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır. Sonuçta, yapılan atıksu analizlerine ve EoL diyagramına göre bor içeriğine sahip deterjanın yüzey aktif madde (MBAS) (104.1 mg/L) ve fosfat (1.506 mg/L) açısından diğer deterjana (MBAS=220.4 mg/L, fosfat=8.863 mg/L) göre daha iyi olduğu ortaya konmuştur.

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Section: Atıksu Karakterizasyonuunclassified

Deterjan bazlı çamaşır makinesi atık suyunun YDA ve EoL analizi ile değerlendirilmesi

Çelebi¹,

Bahadır²,

Şimşek³

et al. 2021

European Journal of Science and Technology

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“…The creation of those more effective cleaning agents significantly increased their negative effects on the environment due to their low biodegradability, high toxicity and the possibility to spread to other ecosystems in the water cycling process. The impact of the detergents mentioned above on sewage biologic treatment systems can be so strong and cause a 40% efficiency decrease [18]. Thus, it is necessary to work on the development of natural soaps as the base for cleaning products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physicochemical Characterization of Home-Made Soap from Waste-Used Frying Oils

et al. 2020

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The study aimed to describe the utilization of waste frying oils, originated mainly from households, in home-made soap production and to emphasize the advantages of soap biodegradation in comparison to biological treatment of oils. The physicochemical analyses of soaps were used to check the differences between the samples made of fresh and fried oils. Significant (p < 0.05) difference between the soaps made of fresh/fried olive oil pair was obtained, while the rapeseed sample pair did not differ significantly (p < 0.05). Malondialdehyde (MDA) exhibited notable differences with an increase from 1.94 μg/g to 2.33 μg/g for olive oil fresh/fried pair and from 3.43 μg/g to 4.10 μg/g for rapeseed–palm oil fresh/fried pair. The studies addressing the soap biodegradation process revealed that soaps are degrading up to four times faster than oils in waste processing plants. Literature data showed the syntrophic ways of soap degradation and degradation solely done by sulfate-reducing bacteria. Obtained results, same as literature data, indicated that soaps produced from fried plant oils represent acceptable products from the economic and environmental point of view. Soap production can be considered one of the possible ways toward reduction of waste oil disposal.

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“…With the increasing use of detergent day by day there are rising concerns about it. One big concern is the contamination of nature (including flora and fauna) by using detergent [4]. Most of the detergent can be degraded by aerobic processes but due its toxicity and restricted metabolic pathway the anaerobic degradation is less possible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the detergent can be degraded by aerobic processes but due its toxicity and restricted metabolic pathway the anaerobic degradation is less possible. So the production, distribution, and handling of environmentally-friendly detergent is highly demanded throughout the world [4]. A review by Mousavi and Khodadoost was discussed in detail about the "effects of detergent on natural ecosystem and waste water treatment processes".…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A review by Mousavi and Khodadoost was discussed in detail about the "effects of detergent on natural ecosystem and waste water treatment processes". It includes the effects of detergent on aquatic ecosystem (fish, fungi, plant), soil ecosystem (bacteria, sewage treatment, aerobic process) [4]. In developed nation the safety concern about detergent to the environment, water and human are widely discussed and researched topic from long time [5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detergent Use Practices in Nepal: A Cross-Sectional Online Survey

Joshi¹,

Adhikari

Joshi

et al. 2020

CJAST

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Every year the use of detergent is increasing and safety concerns about detergent are also increasing. However, in developing countries safety concerns about detergent is still a neglected topic. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) of the general public towards the use of detergent. An online-based cross-sectional study was performed via sharing self-developed online KAP questionnaires and filled out by participants. The basic knowledge about detergent, its safety concern, and other related questions were used for the KAP assessments. A total of 510 participants took part in this study. The participants had mixed responses to the questions such as; [1] the majority were using powder detergent (87.45%); [2] perceptions about detergent (an agent for cleansing clothes (48.04%), a chemical agent (39.02%)); [3] the purpose of using detergent (to remove dirt (48.04%), for easiness of cleaning (45.1%)); [4] the cost of detergent (affordable (80%), expensive (10.98%)); [5] the selection of detergent (based on previous satisfaction (60.98%), brand name (19.02%)); [6] cause of not using particular brand detergent next time is (poor quality (75.1%), expensive (18.04%)); [7] mostly used brands (Wheel (35.69%), Ghadi (16.08%) and Patanjali (7.06%)); [8] safety concerns (only 8.82% used gloves during using detergent and only 50% realized the detergent can harm their skin, 67.84% have awareness that the detergent contaminates the environment, 10% experienced dryness of skin, 0.98% redness/allergy)); [9] 77.06% don’t have a washing machine; [10] soaking practice (21.37% start washing immediately after the addition of detergent, only 32.16% soak clothes for 20 to 60 minutes)); [11] waste water management (80.4% throw the detergent waste water to the normal sewage, 19.6% throw separately); [12] 37.45% always use soap along with powder detergent while washing clothes; [13] detergent stability problem (absorb moisture and get wet easily (64.31%) color change (16.08%) and dryness (10.78%)); [14] 28.63% prefer colorful detergent and 42.94% observed the color transfer from detergent to clothes; only 37.45% have experience of using herbal detergent; [15] laundry detergent also used for other purposes (wash dishes (19.61%), to wash hands (5.49%) and even body washing (1.76%)); [16] 19.61% of the participants’ mothers wash their clothes; [17] the majority of the participants realized the dirtiness of country people is due to poverty (58.04%). This study shows moderate awareness regarding the KAP of detergent use, management, and toxicity. Therefore, it can be derived that continuous education is needed about detergent.

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Effects of detergents on natural ecosystems and wastewater treatment processes: a review

Cited by 118 publications

References 53 publications

Deterjan bazlı çamaşır makinesi atık suyunun YDA ve EoL analizi ile değerlendirilmesi

Deterjan bazlı çamaşır makinesi atık suyunun YDA ve EoL analizi ile değerlendirilmesi

Physicochemical Characterization of Home-Made Soap from Waste-Used Frying Oils

Detergent Use Practices in Nepal: A Cross-Sectional Online Survey

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