Effects of Densities of Brominated Flame Retardants on the Detection Response for HPLC Analysis with a Corona-charged Aerosol Detector

Matsuyama, Shigetomo; Orihara, Yukari; Kinugasa, Shinichi; Ohtani, Hajime

doi:10.2116/analsci.31.61

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…It is often stated that the surface area, and therefore CAD response, should be directly proportional to the mass of analyte to the power 2/3. On the basis of recent observations of density affecting CAD response, this needs to be revised. The CAD response should actually be proportional to the mass of analyte divided by its density to the power 2/3. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has previously been observed that CAD shows a decreased response for highly dense compounds and an increased response for basic compounds that ion pair with acidic species in the mobile phase. , This study has successfully tested a methodology that incorporates density and basic p K a data (available through JChem) to correct for this variable response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, the variability observed in the CAD response has yet to be satisfactorily explained in detail. It seems to be widely accepted that CAD is an “approximate” mass detector with an almost universal response that seems largely independent of the physical or chemical properties of the analyte. ,,,,,− Previously, the variable CAD response has been put down to differences in volatility, ion-pairing, and more recently density …”

Section: Principles Of Cad Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,3,5,6,11,13−15 Previously, the variable CAD response has been put down to differences in volatility, 1 ion-pairing, 15 and more recently density. 16 The problem with volatility is well recognized for evaporative detectors and mostly affects low molecular weight (MW) compounds that have high vapor pressures, resulting in variable losses in the evaporation process. Compounds with a high volatility will not be detected by CAD at all, while semivolatile compounds will yield a response below that which would normally be expected.…”

Section: ■ Principles Of Cad Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of Calculated Physicochemical Properties to Enhance Quantitative Response When Using Charged Aerosol Detection

et al. 2017

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Universal quantitative detection without the need for analyte reference standards would offer substantial benefits in many areas of analytical science. The quantitative capability of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with charged aerosol detection (CAD) was investigated for 50 compounds with a wide range of physical and chemical properties. It is widely believed that CAD is a mass detector. Quantification of the 50 compounds using a generic calibrant and mass calibration achieved an average error of 11.4% relative to 1H NMR. Correction factors are proposed that estimate the relative surface area of particles in the detector, taking into account the effects of the density and charge of analytes. Performing these corrections and quantifying with surface area calibration, rather than mass, shows considerably improved linearity and uniformity of detection, reducing the average error relative to 1H NMR to 7.1%. The accuracy of CAD quantification was most significantly improved for highly dense compounds, with traditional mass calibration showing an average error of 34.7% and the newly proposed surface area calibration showing an average error of 5.8%.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Principles Of Cad Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Principles Of Cad Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of Calculated Physicochemical Properties to Enhance Quantitative Response When Using Charged Aerosol Detection

et al. 2017

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“…and found response factors that were all within twenty to thirty percent of each other. Recently, Matsuyama et al [106] studied brominated flame-retardants with a wide range of densities and found that CAD response varied with the density of the analyte and was proportional to the (−2/3) power of that density. These and other studies indicate that although response factors may be similar for many compounds with CAD, they may not be identical, and these variations most likely result from differences in particle density, hygroscopicity, volatility/sublimation, etc.…”

Section: Analyte Chemical Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%