Effects of DDT on reproduction in higher animals

Ware, George W.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-9863-2_5

Cited by 26 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…The recovery of brown pelicans following the ban of DDT in 1972 provides a measure of dose-response and thresholds for the reproductive effects of DDT. Some of the earlier studies have been reviewed by Ware ( 1975 ). Risebrough et al ( 1967 ) reported the accumulation of DDT in higher trophic levels along the California coast.…”

Section: Us Epa Water Column Guidance To Protect Wildlifementioning

confidence: 96%

“…The following chronology will focus on some of the key studies documenting the decline and recovery of the osprey, since this species is key to the NAS panel's recommendation for marine fi sh. Some of the earlier studies have been reviewed by Ware ( 1975 ). Ames and Mersereau ( 1964 ) and Ames ( 1966 ) reported on the status of the osprey along the Atlantic coast.…”

Section: Nas Fish Guidance To Protect Wildlifementioning

confidence: 97%

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DDT, Chlordane, Toxaphene and PCB Residues in Newport Bay and Watershed: Assessment of Hazard to Wildlife and Human Health

Byard¹,

Paulsen

Tjeerdema

et al. 2014

Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Volume 235

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Section: Us Epa Water Column Guidance To Protect Wildlifementioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Nas Fish Guidance To Protect Wildlifementioning

confidence: 97%

DDT, Chlordane, Toxaphene and PCB Residues in Newport Bay and Watershed: Assessment of Hazard to Wildlife and Human Health

Byard¹,

Paulsen

Tjeerdema

et al. 2014

Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Volume 235

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“…Many other reviews of the metabolic and physiological effects of these agents related to hormone actions have appeared (e.g., Conney et al, 1967Conney et al, , 1973Conney and Burns, 1972;Hrdina et al, 1975;Kupfer and Bulger, 1976a;Ware, 1975;Welch et al, 1969b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Estrogenlc activities of chlorinated hydrocarbons

Nelson¹,

Struck²,

James³

1978

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health

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Some DDT analogs are estrogenic, particularly o,p'-DDT, which comprises approximately 15-20% of the commercial DDT mixture. Whether this compound or its metabolites are active has not been established. In fact, the data obtained thus far are more confusing than enlightening. For example, CCl4 pretreatment of immature female rats has been reported to inhibit or enhance estrogenic activity of o,p'-DDT, and SKF-525A pretreatment has been reported to enhance or not alter the estrogenic effect. Although o,p'-DDT inhibits binding of estradiol to the estrogen receptor from rat or human at low levels (approximately 1-10 micrometer) in vitro, higher levels are required to inhibit nuclear binding of [3H] estradiol in incubated whole uteri. Futhermore, o,p'-DDT appears to be neither estrogenic nor antiestrogenic in an in vitro estrogen assay. Methoxychlor appears to be "activated" by metabolism, and it is probable that phenolic metabolites are responsible for its estrogenic activity. Since chlorinated hydrocarbons often enhance the metabolism of steroids and may reduce circulating levels of steroids, interactions of the exogenous hormonally active agents with steroid receptors may be self-potentiating in vivo.

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“…The major concern, however, are long term effects and some of these are due to effects on animal hormonal systems [7,8]. DDT exposure has been linked to eggshell thinning and reduced reproduction in birds [9], reduced offspring survival in alligators [10], and abnormal gastrulation and toxicity to the early life stages of fish [11]. Although mammals are less susceptible to these effects than birds, reptiles and fish, large doses of DDT produce premature delivery in rabbits [12], and might have the same effect on Californian sea lions [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%