Effects of Cytokinin and Auxin on Plant Development and Vascular Tissues in Lens culinaris

Abstract

Cytokinins and auxins were studied in Lens culinaris before; however, there was lack of information about their effects on vascular tissues and their relation with plant development. In this study, intact lentil seedlings were treated with different doses of BAP (1 mg/L) and NAA (0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2 mg/L) with periodic intervals of 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 days under in vitro conditions. The behaviors of plant height, number of shoots per plant, and rooting were investigated to find if their regeneration behavior is related with the developmental behavior of phloem and xylem thickness and stem radius. In most instances, seven-day culture conditions in all plant growth regulators (PGRs) doses demonstrated the best results. BAP and NAA treatments with high doses on prolonged days of culture caused unhealthy growing on plant development and vascular tissues. While phloem region thickness was the highest in control group, xylem region was found to have the highest thickness in 1 mg/L BAP treatment used singly. Moreover, high doses of BAP and NAA caused deformity and shrinking in phloem and xylem regions that also lead to shrinking in stem radius. These results reveal negative effects of BAP and NAA treatments on prolonged days of culture and conclude that the time period of treatment must be optimized precisely to avoid damages to vascular and other tissues and promote desirable growth and development of tissues.

Auxin Regulates Apical Stem Cell Regeneration and Tip Growth in the Marine Red Alga Neopyropia yezoensis

“…The repression of branch formation by treatment with 30 μM PEO-IAA was recovered by the exogenous application of 5, 10, or 20 μM IAA ( Figure 3 ). Although 30 μM IAA had a negative effect on branch formation ( Figure 3 ), this was likely an off-target effect of a high concentration of IAA on growth, as observed in terrestrial plants [ 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 ]. These findings indicate that auxin plays an important role in regulating tip growth and that N. yezoensis contains an auxin receptor-like protein that regulates tip growth in conchocelis filaments.…”

In Vitro Multiple Shoot Induction From Embryonic Axes of Annual Herbaceous Legume Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.)

“…It is assumed that a high concentration of BAP used in the study may have caused stress on the explants that led to induction of somatic embryogenesis. High doses or prolonged exposure to phytohormones can cause damage to the vascular and other tissues (Kuplemez and Yildirim, 2020).…”