Effects of copper on phagocytosis inTetrahymena

Nilsson, Jytte R.

doi:10.1007/bf01287453

Cited by 41 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Moreover, no major effect was found in the media innoculated with Peranema sp., which appeared to be the most tolerant protozoan isolate and the second most tolerant isolate when compared to bacterial isolates. The results of the present study are in agreement with Nilsson [42], who reported that heavy metals can affect the survival of microbial isolates in many ways such as the reduction of food uptake, growth inhibition, and reduction in the rate of endocytosis, which may influence their survival. A study conducted by Cabrera et al [43] reported that at high concentrations, metals could slow microbial population growth.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Assessing the resistance and bioremediation ability of selected bacterial and protozoan species to heavy metals in metal-rich industrial wastewater

Kamika

Momba

2013

BMC Microbiology

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BackgroundHeavy-metals exert considerable stress on the environment worldwide. This study assessed the resistance to and bioremediation of heavy-metals by selected protozoan and bacterial species in highly polluted industrial-wastewater. Specific variables (i.e. chemical oxygen demand, pH, dissolved oxygen) and the growth/die-off-rates of test organisms were measured using standard methods. Heavy-metal removals were determined in biomass and supernatant by the Inductively Couple Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer. A parallel experiment was performed with dead microbial cells to assess the biosorption ability of test isolates.ResultsThe results revealed that the industrial-wastewater samples were highly polluted with heavy-metal concentrations exceeding by far the maximum limits (in mg/l) of 0.05-Co, 0.2-Ni, 0.1-Mn, 0.1-V, 0.01-Pb, 0.01-Cu, 0.1-Zn and 0.005-Cd, prescribed by the UN-FAO. Industrial-wastewater had no major effects on Pseudomonas putida, Bacillus licheniformis and Peranema sp. (growth rates up to 1.81, 1.45 and 1.43 d-1, respectively) compared to other test isolates. This was also revealed with significant COD increases (p < 0.05) in culture media inoculated with living bacterial isolates (over 100%) compared to protozoan isolates (up to 24% increase). Living Pseudomonas putida demonstrated the highest removal rates of heavy metals (Co-71%, Ni-51%, Mn-45%, V-83%, Pb-96%, Ti-100% and Cu-49%) followed by Bacillus licheniformis (Al-23% and Zn-53%) and Peranema sp. (Cd-42%). None of the dead cells were able to remove more than 25% of the heavy metals. Bacterial isolates contained the genes copC, chrB, cnrA3 and nccA encoding the resistance to Cu, Cr, Co-Ni and Cd-Ni-Co, respectively. Protozoan isolates contained only the genes encoding Cu and Cr resistance (copC and chrB genes). Peranema sp. was the only protozoan isolate which had an additional resistant gene cnrA3 encoding Co-Ni resistance.ConclusionSignificant differences (p < 0.05) observed between dead and living microbial cells for metal-removal and the presence of certain metal-resistant genes indicated that the selected microbial isolates used both passive (biosorptive) and active (bioaccumulation) mechanisms to remove heavy metals from industrial wastewater. This study advocates the use of Peranema sp. as a potential candidate for the bioremediation of heavy-metals in wastewater treatment, in addition to Pseudomonas putida and Bacillus licheniformis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Assessing the resistance and bioremediation ability of selected bacterial and protozoan species to heavy metals in metal-rich industrial wastewater

Kamika

Momba

2013

BMC Microbiology

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“…The stimulating effect of zinc and copper to Tetrahymena has been also reported previously (Nilsson, 1981(Nilsson, , 2003Nicolau et al, 1999Nicolau et al, , 2004 and it is not surprising, as both metals are needed as microelements for normal functioning of the cells (Valko et al, 2005). For example, addition of up to 100 mg/l copper or 50 mg/l zinc to the 2% proteose peptone stimulated phagocytosis in Tetrahymena (Nilsson, 1981(Nilsson, , 2003. Also, copper (at concentrations of 30 and 65 mg/l) has been found to stimulate grazing activity (Nicolau et al, 1999) and digestive function of Tetrahymena (Nicolau et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…This discrepancy could result from the fact that PI does not only enter the dead cells, but passes also the membranes of damaged cells, which could still contain ATP (Ataullakhanov and Vitvitsky, 2002). The stimulating effect of zinc and copper to Tetrahymena has been also reported previously (Nilsson, 1981(Nilsson, , 2003Nicolau et al, 1999Nicolau et al, , 2004 and it is not surprising, as both metals are needed as microelements for normal functioning of the cells (Valko et al, 2005). For example, addition of up to 100 mg/l copper or 50 mg/l zinc to the 2% proteose peptone stimulated phagocytosis in Tetrahymena (Nilsson, 1981(Nilsson, , 2003.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Toxicity of ZnO and CuO nanoparticles to ciliated protozoa Tetrahymena thermophila

2010

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“…However, resistance to heavy metals depends on experimental conditions as was revealed in the experiments on Tetrahymena pyriformis. For this ciliate the EC 50 101.7 mg/L at 1 h in high-nutrient medium (Nilsson 1981) and 8 mg/L in low-nutrient medium (Schafer et al 1994) was reported. Madoni et al (1996) reported that the concentration of 6.12 mg/L of copper (II) caused 89% cell mortality in the activated sludge protozoan community and disappearance of 7 out of 16 species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tolerance of a ruminant ciliate Entodinium caudatum against mercury, copper and chromium

et al. 2009

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The effects of three heavy metal cations, mercury (II), copper (II), and chromium (VI), on the growth of the rumen ciliate Entodinium caudatum in vitro culture was studied. The E. caudatum culture was challenged by HgCl2, CuCl2, and K2Cr2O7 for a period of 4 days. The tested concentrations of mercury (II) and copper (II) were 1, 5, 10, 20, 50 mg/L and 2, 10, 20, 40 mg/L for chromium (VI) at single dose with either untreated or inhibited bacterial co-culture population. Effective metal concentrations required to reduce ciliate growth by 50% (EC50) for mercury (II), copper (II), and chromium (VI) either with untreated or inhibited bacterial co-culture population after 24 h of metal application were 24, 20, and 21 or 15, 20, and 19 mg/L, respectively. After 4 days of metal application, corresponding EC50 values for mercury (II), copper (II), and chromium (VI) were 16, 20, and 17 (with untreated bacterial population) or not determinable, 20, and 15 mg/L, respectively (with inhibited bacterial population). Increased sensitivity of E. caudatum to tested heavy metals with inhibited bacterial co-culture population indicate that the ciliate resistance to the heavy metal tested depends on detoxification abilities of rumen bacterial population.

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Effects of copper on phagocytosis inTetrahymena

Cited by 41 publications

References 24 publications

Assessing the resistance and bioremediation ability of selected bacterial and protozoan species to heavy metals in metal-rich industrial wastewater

Assessing the resistance and bioremediation ability of selected bacterial and protozoan species to heavy metals in metal-rich industrial wastewater

Toxicity of ZnO and CuO nanoparticles to ciliated protozoa Tetrahymena thermophila

Tolerance of a ruminant ciliate Entodinium caudatum against mercury, copper and chromium

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