Effects of Comorbid Factors on Prognosis of Three Different Geriatric Groups with COVID-19 Diagnosis

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new zoonotic infectious disease that was first reported to the World Health Organization (WHO) on December 31, 2019, and declared as a pandemic by WHO on March 11, 2020. Due to the increased incidence of multimorbidity in geriatric age groups, COVID-19 disease leads to more severe consequences in the elderly. We aimed to determine the effects of age, comorbidity factors, symptoms, laboratory findings, and radiological results on prognosis by dividing our patients into 3 different geriatric age groups, using a retrospective descriptive analysis method. Patients included in the retrospective study ( n = 483) were divided into the following three different geriatric age groups: young-old (65–74 years), middle-aged (75–84 years), and the oldest-elderly (85 years and over).The length of stay in the intensive care unit of the patients between the ages of 75–84 was higher than the other two groups ( p = 0.013). Mortality rates were lowest in patients aged 65–74 years ( p < 0.001). The rate of ground glass opacity in thorax CT was higher in patients with mortality ( p < 0.001). While the rate of COPD-bronchial asthma was higher in surviving patients ( p = 0.001), malignancy ( p = 0.005) and cerebrovascular disease ( p < 0.001) were higher in patients who died. Patients aged between 75 and 84 (OR: 2.602; 95% CI: 1.306–5.183; p = 0.007) or ≥ 85 (OR: 4.086; 95% CI: 1.687–9.9; p = 0.002) had higher risk for mortality compared to patients aged between 65 and 74. The lowest mortality rates were observed in patients aged 65–74 years. Among the supportive diagnostic methods in 3 different geriatric age groups, PCR positivity has no effect on mortality, while the ground glass opacity on tomography is closely related to the need for intensive care and increased mortality. In patients with COPD-bronchial asthma comorbidity and those with symptoms of fatigue, dry cough, and sore throat, transfer to intensive care and mortality rates were lower, while patients who were transferred to intensive care and who developed mortality had higher malignancy and cerebrovascular disease comorbidities and dyspnea symptoms.

Effects of SARS-CoV-2 infections in patients with cancer on mortality, ICU admission and incidence: a systematic review with meta-analysis involving 709,908 participants and 31,732 cancer patients

“…After a preliminary review and the elimination of duplicates, 5328 papers were screened and chosen for further evaluation. A total of 58 studies (Adejumo et al 2021 ; Akhtar et al 2021 ; Alpert et al 2021 ; Arslan et al 2021 ; Azarkar et al 2021 ; Baker et al 2021 ; Benelli et al 2020 ; Bennett et al 2021 ; Bergman et al 2021 ; Bernard et al 2021 ; Bhargava et al 2021 ; Borobia et al 2020 ; Pinto et al 2020 ; Chai et al 2021 ; Fu et al 2021 ; Chudasama et al 2021 ; Costa et al 2021 ; Duanmu et al 2020 ; Gold et al 2020 ; Görgülü et al 2020 ; Goyal et al 2020 ; Gude-Sampedro et al 2021 ; Guo et al 2021 ; Joharatnam-Hogan et al 2020 ; Katkat et al 2021 ; Kim et al 2021 ; Kokturk et al 2021 ; Liang et al 2021 ; Sun et al 2021 ; Cavanna et al 2020 ; Lunski et al 2021 ; Martinot et al 2021 ; Mirgh et al 2021 ; Miyashita et al 2020 ; Nakamura et al 2021 ; Nikpouraghdam et al 2020 ; Panda et al 2022 ; Péron et al 2021 ; Poli et al 2022 ; Li et al 2020a , b ; Reddy et al 2021 ; Regina et al 2020 ; Ricoca-Peixoto et al 2020 ; Giorgi-Rossi et al 2020 ; Rugge et al 2020 ; Erdal et al 2021 ; Sami et al 2020 ; Santorelli et al 2021 ; Pérez-Segura et al 2021 ; Serraino et al 2021 ; Shahidsales et al 2021 ; Sorouri et al 2020 ; Stroppa et al 2020 ; Tehrani et al 2021 ; Vergara et al 2021 ; Vila-Corcoles et al 20...…”

“…ICU admission rates of a total of 22,671 SARS-CoV-2 infected cancer patients and 532,161 non-cancer patients were analyzed from 22 eligible studies (Alpert et al 2021 ; Benelli et al 2020 ; Bergman et al 2021 ; Bernard et al 2021 ; Pinto et al 2020 ; Fu et al 2021 ; Costa et al 2021 ; Görgülü et al 2020 ; Gude-Sampedro et al 2021 ; Guo et al 2021 ; Joharatnam-Hogan et al 2020 ; Sun et al 2021 ; Lunski et al 2021 ; Martinot et al 2021 ; Mirgh et al 2021 ; Miyashita et al 2020 ; Péron et al 2021 ; Li et al 2020a , b ; Ricoca Peixoto et al 2020 ; Rugge et al 2020 ; Shahidsales et al 2021 ; Sorouri et al 2020 ). The rate of ICU admission in patients with cancer was significantly higher than in individuals without cancer (RR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.28–1.64, p < 0.001; heterogeneity: df = 21, I 2 = 87%, p < 0.001) (Fig.…”

Equity for Older Adults and Those in Congregate Sites: Lessons from the First Year of a Local Public Health COVID-19 Response

“…T he COVID-19 pandemic disrupted life in profound ways across the lifespan, but has been especially brutal for historically marginalized populations (Laurencin & McClinton, 2020;Lin, 2020), those living in congregate settings (Terebuh et al, 2020), and particularly for older adults (Banerjee et al, 2020;Gorgulu & Duyan, 2020;Shahid et al, 2020;Tisminetzky et al, 2020;Wynants et al, 2020). The following insights are the result of lessons learned on the ground in first year of the local Cuyahoga County Board of Health (CCBH) COVID-19 response, with particular emphasis on the pandemic's outsized impact on older adults, those with disabilities, and those living in long-term care facilities, as well as those from groups disadvantaged by race, ethnicity, and related socioeconomic inequities.…”

Features and Predictors of Mortality in Geriatric COVID-19 Patients in Intensive Care Unit: Retrospective Clinical Study

“…7 It is also known that the severity of COVID-19 and the risk of death increase with age and the number of accompanying comorbidities. 8 In the literature, studies have compared geriatric and younger patients diagnosed or suspected of COVID-19 or the clinical and laboratory results of geriatric patients admitted to the hospital with COVID-19. 8,9 In this study, geriatric patients followed in the intensive care unit (ICU), whose diagnosis of COVID-19 was confirmed by a positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test, were divided into age groups (younger-aged, middle-aged, and advancedaged patients).…”

“…8 In the literature, studies have compared geriatric and younger patients diagnosed or suspected of COVID-19 or the clinical and laboratory results of geriatric patients admitted to the hospital with COVID-19. 8,9 In this study, geriatric patients followed in the intensive care unit (ICU), whose diagnosis of COVID-19 was confirmed by a positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test, were divided into age groups (younger-aged, middle-aged, and advancedaged patients). We aimed to determine the mortality rates and the factors that may affect mortality by comparing the demographic, clinical, laboratory and radiological characteristics of the groups.…”